水分胁迫下马铃薯叶片光合特性的变化及其响应机制研究  

Changes of photosynthetic characteristics and response mechanism of potato leaves under water stress

作　　者：刘素军[1] 蒙美莲[1] 陈有君[2] 焦瑞枣[1] LIU Sujun;MENG Meilian;CHEN Youjun;JIAO Ruizao(Agricultural College;College of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第8期29-38,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10-P17)

摘　　要：【目的】研究水分胁迫和复水下马铃薯光合作用的变化及其响应机制,为提高马铃薯抗旱性提供科学依据。【方法】以"克新1号"原种脱毒种薯为材料进行田间试验,设置土壤相对含水量分别为40%(为田间持水率的40%,下同,T1)、55%(T2)、70%(T3)、85%(T4)和100%(T5)5个处理,播种后各处理土壤相对含水量统一控制在75%左右,从马铃薯块茎形成期(7月1日)开始控水,连续处理21d,水分胁迫结束后进行复水处理,保持各处理的土壤含水量均在80%以上直至块茎膨大期结束,淀粉积累期保持土壤含水量在65%以上,测定不同处理马铃薯叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)及产量。以"克新1号"原原种脱毒种薯为材料,进行室内盆栽试验,设干旱处理(土壤相对含水量为40%)和对照(保持土壤相对含水量为70%)2个处理,水分胁迫14d后,分别在干旱处理和对照的30个单株上采集马铃薯幼嫩叶片,进行基因表达以及差异基因KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)通路富集分析,分析水分胁迫后马铃薯的差异基因及代谢途径变化。【结果】随着水分胁迫时间的延长,马铃薯叶片SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci均下降;随着水分胁迫程度的增加,马铃薯叶片SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci和产量先增加后下降。随着复水时间的延长,马铃薯叶片SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci均增加,但不同水分胁迫处理各指标的恢复速度和恢复程度不同。复水21d后,T3与T4处理SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci均明显高于其他处理,且二者之间无显著差异,说明T3处理SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci均能恢复到与T4处理相当的水平。盆栽试验结果显示,水分胁迫后马铃薯KEGG代谢差异显著的途径有类黄酮合成、二芳基庚和姜辣素的生物合成、甘油酯代谢、糖脂生物合成、光合作用-天线蛋白、维他命B6代谢6条,表明干旱胁迫对光合作�[Objective] This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics changes and responsemechanism of potato leaves under water stress and rehydration to provide basis for improving drought re- sistance of potato. [Method] Field experiments were conducted with the seed-detoxification seed of ＂Kexin 1＂ and five treatments with soil relative water contents of 40% （40% of the field water retention,T1）, 55% （T2）,70% （T3）,85 % （T4） and 100% （T5） were set up while soil relative water content was con- trolled at about 75 % after sowing for all treatments. Water was controlled from potato tuber formation pe- riod （July 1） for 21 days,then water content was maintained more than 80% until the end of bulking stage and above 650//oo at starch accumulation period. The relative content of chlorophyll （SPAD）, net photosyn- thetic rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （Tr）,CO2 concentration （Ci）,stomatal conductance （Gs） and yield were measured. Indoor pot experiment was also conducted with drought treatment （soil relative water con- tent of 40G） and control （keeping soil relative water content of 70O//oo）. After 14 days of water stress, young leaves of potato were collected from 30 plants,and the changes in differential genes and metabolic pathways after water stress were analyzed by proceeding gene expression and differential genes KEGG （kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes） enrichment analysis of pathways. [Result] With the extension of water stress,SPAD,Pn, Tr,Gs and Ci of potato leaves decreased. With the increase of water stress, SPAD,Pn ,Tr,Gs and Ci of potato leaves as well as yield decreased after initial increase. With the exten sion of rehydration, SPAD, Pn, Tr,Gs and Ci of potato leaves increased, and recovery rate and recovery de- gree were different among treatments. SPAD,Pn, Tr,Gs and Ci of T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those of other treatments 21 days after rehydration,but without significant difference between them. The pot experiment showed th

关 键 词：马铃薯 水分胁迫 光合特性 基因表达 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]