竹叶椒果实精油成分分析及功能性评价  

Component Analysis and Functional Evaluation of Volatile Oil from Zanthoxylum armatum DC.

作　　者：路晓青 江念 黄志宝 冯翔[1] 张新欣 王文凯[1] LU Xiao-qing;JIANG Nian;HUANG Zhi-bao;FENG Xiang;ZHANG Xin-xin;WANG Wen-kai(Agricuhural College of Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,China;Shayang Lake Wetland Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Jingmen 448200,China;Hubei Institute for Nationalities,Enshi 445000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434000 [2]沙洋县长湖湿地自然保护区管理局,湖北荆门448200 [3]湖北民族学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2018年第18期294-298,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027)

摘　　要：目的:研究竹叶椒果精油的主要组成成分,以及对小鼠体内抗氧化、抗疲劳和促进睡眠效果的影响。方法:采用GC-MS对竹叶椒果实精油进行成分分析;用提取的竹叶椒果实精油为材料,采用干热熏香法和加湿熏香法两种熏香方式三种剂量处理小鼠(低、中、高剂量精油浓度:1.25、2.5、3.75 m L/m3)。结果:通过分析鉴定出25种物质,主要为烯类物质和醇类物质,其中主要成分有三种,分别为桉叶油醇(36.19%)、萜品烯(21.31%)和3-蒈烯(8.45%)。两种方式的三个剂量对小鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)均有提升作用,对丙二醛(MDA)含量有降低作用,和对照组相比,中、高剂量均达到显著性差异(p<0.05);抗疲劳试验中,竹叶椒果实精油两种处理方式对小负重游泳时间和爬杆时间均有增加作用,且中、高剂量效果显著(p<0.05);通过观测小鼠进食后2 h内的睡眠率发现,精油熏香处理可以增加小鼠睡眠率,且随着时间和剂量的增加效果更明显。从处理方式来看,在条件相同的情况下,加湿熏蒸法各方面效果都比干热熏蒸法好。结论:竹叶椒果实精油在抗氧化、抗疲劳和增进睡眠方面均有较好的效果,可作为一种新型资源进行深入开发。Objective： The main components of the fruit essential oil of Zanthoxylum armatum DC,as well as the effect of antioxidation,anti-fatigue and promoting sleeping effect in mice were studied. Method： The components of essential oil from Zanthoxylum armatum DC.was analyzed by GC-MS. With the extraction of the essential oil as the material,experiments were carried out using two kinds（ dry incense method and wet incense method） of incense of three dose treated mice（ low dose essential oil concentration： 1.25 mL/m^3; middle dose concentration of essential oil： 2.5 mL/m^3; high dose of essential oil concentration： 3.75 mL/m^3）. Results： The analysis identified 25 substances,in which olefins and alcohols were the main component,including cineole（ 36.19%）,g-terpinene（ 21.31%） and 3-carene（ 8.45%）.All teating methods had a increase on superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and glutathione peroxidase（ GSH-Px） of the mice,but a decrease on malondialdehyde（ MDA）content,both the middle dose and high dose had significanty effects compared with the control group. In anti-fatigue experiment,two treatments of bamboo leaves pepper essential oil had increased both small weight loading swimming and climbing pole time of the mice,and effects of both middle dose and high dose were remarkable（ p〈0.05）.By observing,2 hours after eating,the sleeping rate of mice was increased by essential oils incense treatment,and with the increase of time and dose,the effect was more obvious.From the point of processing mode,under the same test dose,humidifying fumigation method was better than dry fumigation in antioxidant effect,the degree of fatigue,and improvement on the sleep rate of mice. Conclusion：Essential oil extracted from Zanthoxylum armatum DC fruits had good effect on antioxidation,anti-fatigue and promotion of sleeping.It could be developed as a new kind of resources.

关 键 词：竹叶椒精油 熏蒸方式 成分分析 抗氧化 抗疲劳 增进睡眠 

分 类 号：S201.4[农业科学—农业工程]