2014年广西汉、壮族学生体质状况的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of physical condition of Han and Zhuang students in Guangxi in 2014

作　　者：潘思杏 李春灵[1] 彭如宽[2] 蔡秋玲[1] Pan Sixing;Li Chunling;Peng Rukuan;Cai Qiuling(Maternal and Child Health Department,School of Public Health;School of Information Management,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院少儿卫生与妇幼保健学教研室,南宁530021 [2]广西医科大学信息管理学院,南宁530021

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2018年第9期1301-1305,共5页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81260432)

摘　　要：目的:了解广西汉、壮族学生体质状况的差异,为制定两个民族学生的体质发育干预措施提供参考依据。方法:根据2014年广西学生体质健康调研资料,采用两独立样本t检验方法对广西7~18岁汉、壮族学生的体格、体能(生理机能、运动素质)指标进行比较。结果:体格发育方面,男女大多数年龄组身高、体重表现为汉族高于壮族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。生理机能方面,壮族学生肺活量优于汉族学生,体重肺活量指数同样表现为壮族高于汉族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。运动素质方面,男女速度、耐力、力量3项指标总体均表现为壮族成绩优于汉族,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在运动素质指标中,总体表现为壮族成绩优于汉族,男女具有民族差异的年龄组不全相同,男生表现为大多数年龄组,而女生50m跑所用时间为高年龄组(16~18岁)、立定跳远距离与身高比值则为低年龄组(7~9岁、13~15岁)。结论:广西7~18岁汉、壮族学生的体质状况存在着明显差异,汉族学生体格发育优于壮族,但壮族学生的生理机能、运动素质优于汉族。Objective： To understand the differences of physique between Han and Zhuang students in Guangxi, and to provide reference for formulating intervention measures for physical development of two nationalities students.Methods： According to the health survey data from Guangxi students aged 7 to 18 in 2014, the physical fitness between Zhuang and Han nationality students were compared.Results： The height and weight of Han nationality students in the majority of age groups were higher than those of Zhuang nationality students （ P 〈0.05）.Zhuang students had higher vital capacity and the ratio of vital capacity to weight, and better performance of speed, endurance and strength than Han students （ P 〈0.05）.There were significant differences between Zhuang and Han nationalities in 50 m running speed of girls aged 16-18, and in the standing long jump distance to height ratio of girls aged 7-9 and 13-15.In the majority of boys, significant differences in the athletic quality indexes were found between Zhuang and Han nationalities.Conclusion： There were obvious differences in physical fitness between Han and Zhuang students aged 7 to 18 in Guangxi.The physical development in Han students was superior to that in Zhuang students, but the physiological function and athletic qualities were better in Zhuang nationality students.

关 键 词：汉族 壮族 体质差异 中小学生 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]