毛泽东民族思想的理论来源探析  

The Theoretical Origins of Mao Zedong's Thought on Nationalities

作　　者：胡为雄[1] HU Weixiong(College of Philosophy,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校哲学教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《中国浦东干部学院学报》2018年第4期90-102,111,共14页Journal of China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong

摘　　要：毛泽东民族思想的形成有着宽广的理论来源。列宁的民族与殖民地理论及民族自决理论对他的影响最大,并对他在中国发起民族民主革命、革命胜利后做好民族工作、在国际上倡导广大的亚非拉被压迫民族和人民团结起来反对帝国主义和殖民主义的侵略与压迫在思想上起着指导作用。孙中山的民族主义思想对他的影响也不小,孙中山的民族主义也是毛泽东民族思想的重要来源之一。梁启超的民族主义思想则最早影响了毛泽东,对毛泽东于内主张民族团结、于外反对列强的压迫起着潜移默化的作用。而美国总统威尔逊的理论也曾对毛泽东产生过一定影响。依时间顺序来说,梁启超的民族主义思想最早影响了毛泽东,继之威尔逊的民族自决理论对毛泽东产生过影响,再往后是列宁的民族与殖民地理论以及民族自决理论,孙中山的民族主义思想对毛泽东产生直接影响。此外,毛泽东在求学时期听课或读书也获得了有关民族的知识。The formation of Mao Zedong’s thought on nationalities has broad theoretical origins. Lenin’s theory of nations and colonies, and theory of national self-determination most profoundly influenced him and ideologically guided him to neatly carry out nationality work in China after campaigning for and winning the national democratic revolution, and to advocate in the international arena for concerted efforts by the massive oppressed nations and peoples in Asia, Africa and Latin America against the invasion and oppression of imperialism and colonialism. Sun Yat-sen’s nationalist ideas also influenced him significantly. Mao Zedong’s theory of New Democracy is development on the basis of Sun Yat-sen’s Three People’s Principles including nationalism. Liang Qichao’s nationalist ideas have the earliest influence that tacitly affected Mao Zedong’s stands for domestic national unity and against oppressions by foreign powers. U.S. President Wilson’s theory also has certain influence on Mao Zedong. In time series, Liang Qichao’s nationalist theory influenced Mao Zedong the earliest, President Wilson’s theory of national self-determination had certain influence thereafter, and eventually both Lenin’s theory of nations and colonies and theory of national self-determination, and Sun Yat-Sen’s nationalist ideas directly influenced Mao Zedong. In addition, Mao Zedong acquired knowledge of nations from classes and readings in his study period.

关 键 词：毛泽东 民族思想 理论来源 

分 类 号：A84[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]