论我国食品安全决策机制的完善  

On the Improvement of China's Food Safety Decision Mechanism

作　　者：任端平 REN Duan-ping(StateAdministration for Market Regulation,Beijing,100820)

机构地区：[1]国家市场监督管理总局

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2018年第5期17-28,共12页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

摘　　要：食品安全法制的统筹范围大于食品安全体制改革的统筹范围,是以提升食品安全治理水平、解决食品安全问题为目的的,机构编制、财政保障、事权安排是服务于食品安全治理目的的。我国的法制改革和机构改革历程显示,在法律修订中统筹研究解决体制改革问题会取得较好效果,不通过法律修订直接调整监管机构则容易导致多次反复调整,主要原因在于法律修订与机构改革本身相互制约,参与决策主体的站位和决策能力还需提升,决策方式与机制不够完善。为此,建议建立健全党领导立法统筹重大决策的制度;细化人大主导立法的制度机制,加快健全党对重大立法问题的决策程序、以辩论为基础的逐条审议制度和审议公开制度;加快完善政府科学决策方式和机制,完善议事规则,建立部级协调机制,实行重要决策会议开放制度,建立重大决策档案制度,建立公开征求意见不采纳说理制度等。The overall scope of the food safety legal system is greater than the overall scope of the food safety system reform. It is aimed at improving the level of food safety governance and solving food safety problems. The organization,financial support,and authority arrangements serve the purpose of food safety management. The course of legal reform and institutional reform in China shows that better results will be achieved by comprehensively studying and solving the problems of institutional reform in the revision of laws. Directly adjusting regulatory organs without legal amendments is likely to lead to repeated adjustments,mainly due to the counterbalance between legal revision and institutional reform,the inadequate position and ability of decision-making subjects,and the imperfect decision-making methods and mechanism. To this end,it is recommended to establish and improve the system that the party leads legislation and makes major decisions,to refine the system that the National People＇ s Congress dominate legislation,to improve the party＇ s decision-making procedures for major legislative issues,to establish the system of provision-by-provision review on a basis of debating and the system of review publicity,to improve the government＇ s scientific decision-making methods and mechanisms,to improve the rules of procedures,to establish a ministerial coordinating mechanism,to implement an open system for important decision-making meetings,to establish a system of filing major decision-makings,and to establish a system of accounting for not adopting the opinions from public consultation.

关 键 词：食品安全 科学决策 机构改革 法律修订 

分 类 号：DF3[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]