社区老年人抑郁症状的调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of depressive symptoms in elderly of community

作　　者：董淑慧 孙喜蓉[1] 王涛[2] 肖世富[2] DONG Shuhui;SUN Xirong;WANG Tao;XIAO Shifu(Department of General Psychiatry,Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center,Shanghai 200122,China;Department of Geriatrics,Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区精神卫生中心普通精神科,上海200122 [2]上海市精神卫生中心老年科,上海200030

出　　处：《内科理论与实践》2018年第3期170-174,共5页Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(项目编号:2009BAI77B03);上海市浦江人才计划项目(项目编号:17PJD038);2017年上海市卫生计生系统优秀学科带头人培养计划(项目编号:2017BR054);上海交通大学医学院转化医学协同创新中心合作研究项目;上海市精神卫生中心临床研究中心重大研究计划(项目编号:CRC2017ZD02)

摘　　要：目的 :调查上海市社区老年抑郁症患病率及其影响因素。方法 :随机抽取上海市4个社区年龄≥60岁老年人,采用老年抑郁量表(geriatric depression scale,GDS)及自制调查表进行访谈,对各因素进行单因素分析,在单因素分析中差异具有统计学意义的因素进行多因素分析。结果:本研究调查共488名,GDS得分>10分者有39名,经医师评估确诊为老年抑郁症者为33例,老年抑郁症的检出率为6.8%。老年抑郁症女性的患病率高于男性(χ~2=2.891,P=0.039);患慢性疾病如心脏病、糖尿病的老年人患抑郁症的概率较高(分别为χ~2=16.588,P=0.001;χ~2=0.238,P=0.017);有睡眠障碍的老年人较无睡眠障碍的老年人更易患抑郁症(χ~2=0.036,P=0.046),有午睡习惯的老年人患抑郁症的概率较低(χ~2=4.208,P=0.040);受教育水平高者,患老年抑郁症的概率低(χ~2=2.440,P=0.035);脑力劳动者、有业余爱好的老年人患抑郁症的可能性小(分别为χ~2=0.024,P=0.046;χ~2=9.229,P=0.002)。在单因素分析中差异具有统计学意义的研究因素作为自变量,以逐步法建立条件Logistic回归模型,在α=0.05水平上,共有4个因素进入回归模型,性别、职业、业余爱好、慢性疾病(心脏病)与老年抑郁症状的发生显著相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:性别、文化程度、职业、业余爱好、慢性疾病、睡眠障碍是老年人患抑郁症的影响因素,应采取针对性的措施预防老年抑郁症的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depression in elderly of Shanghai community. Methods Elderly people aged over 60 years in 4 communities of Shanghai were randomly selected and inter-viewed with the geriatric depression scale（GDS） and self-made questionnaire. The factors were analyzed by single factor analysis. The factors with statistical significance in the single factor analysis were further analyzed by multiple factor anal-ysis. Results There were 488 cases in this survey, in which 39 had GDS score 10 points, 33 cases were diagnosed as geriatric depression; the detection rate of geriatric depression was 6.8%. The prevalence of depression in elderly women was higher than that in males（ χ^2=2.891, P=0.039）; the incidence of depression in elderly patients with chronic diseases such as heart diseases and diabetes was higher（ χ^2=16.588, P=0.001; χ^2=0.238, P =0.017）, and older people with sleep disorders were more likely to suffer from depression than those without sleep disorders（ χ^2=0.036, P =0.046）; the older people with nap habits were less likely to suffer from depression（ χ^2=4.208, P=0.040）; older people with higher level of education had less risk of depression（ χ^2=2.440, P=0.035）, and possibility of depression was less in intellectual workers and people with hobbies（ χ^2=0.024, P=0.046; χ^2=9.229, P=0.002, respectively）. The statistically significant factors in single factor analysis served as the independent variables were further analyzed in conditional Logistic regression model es-tablished by stepwise method. At the level of α=0.05, there were 4 factors entering into the regression model; gender, occupation, hobbies, chronic disease（heart diseases） were significantly related to the occurrence of depressive symptoms（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Sex, educational level, occupation, hobbies, chronic diseases and sleep disorders were the factors affecting the depression of the elderly, and targeted measures should be taken to preven

关 键 词：老年人 抑郁症 老年抑郁量表 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]