个体人格、国家目标与公共人格——受教育权与受教育义务的自洽性之破立  

Individual Personality, National Aims, and Public Personality:to Illustrate the Self-Consistency of the Right and the Obligation to be Educated

作　　者：陈鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2018年第9期56-64,91,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(厦门大学校长基金专项项目)"行政规制决策影响分析机制研究(项目编号:207220151194)"的阶段性成果;2013年度厦门大学法学院青年教师科研基金项目"宪法解释的比较法与本土资源之整合"资助

摘　　要：宪法第46条第1款集受教育权与受教育义务于同一主体,由此需要对其自洽性加以证立。受教育的权利和义务分别对应了教育目标的个体主义与国家主义取向。其中,个体主义取向的教育目标,其内容在于形成公民的个体人格;国家主义取向的教育目标,其内容在于实现社会控制以及推动国家的建设与发展;而形成公民"公共意义上的人格"这一教育目标,则兼具个体主义与国家主义的双重性质。教育目标的个体主义与国家主义之间存在一定的紧张关系,现代宪法所隐含的教育的目标虽以个体主义为核心,但同时亦可辨别出能够与个体主义相兼容的国家主义教育目标。厘定两种教育目标及其内在关系,有助于为该条款构建清晰且自洽的规范结构,亦有助于辨识出该条款所指向的法益。According to Article 46,Secion 1 of the Constitution,the right and the duty to receive education,paralleled to the individualism and the nationalism of the aims of education,are concentrated to one and the same body.The individualism of educational aim is to form the individual personality of citizens,while the nationalism of the education aims at social control as well as the construction and the development of national policy and economy,whereas the aim of the establishment of citizens’"public personality"bears both the individual and the national nature.There exists some kind of tension between the individualism and the nationalism of the aims of education.The aims of education,under the modern constitution,should focus on the individualism;however,the aims of nationalism that are compatible with the individualism could also be cultivated simultaneously.The definition of these two kinds of aims and their inner relations may contribute to the construction of a self-consistent and clear normative structure of the right and the duty to receive education.Meanwhile,it helps to identify the legal interests of the right and the duty thereof,which provides necessary elements for the consideration of the corresponding constitutional issues in practice.

关 键 词：受教育权 受教育义务 个体主义 国家主义 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]