北京市局部地区医院及社区儿童二类疫苗接种现况分析  

An investigation on class-Ⅱ vaccination status of children in local areas of Beijing

作　　者：祁祯楠[1] 齐建光[2] 王官军 高志英 梁卫兰[5] 迟春花[1] QI Zhen-nan;QI Jian-guang;WANG Guan-jun;GAO Zhi-ying;LIANG Wei-lan;CHI Chun-hua(Department of Health Management Center,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100032,China;Department of Pediatrics,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100032,China;Department of General Practice,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100032,China;Beijing Shichahai Community Health Center,Beijing 100009,China;Department of Prevention and Health Care,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100032,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院健康管理中心,北京100032 [2]北京大学第一医院儿科,北京100032 [3]北京大学第一医院全科教研室,北京100032 [4]北京市西城区什刹海社区卫生服务中心,北京100009 [5]北京大学第一医院预防保健科,北京100032

出　　处：《中国医刊》2018年第8期897-901,共5页Chinese Journal of Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解北京市儿童二类疫苗接种现况及影响因素,为改善儿童预防接种服务提供参考。方法采用横断面调查,对2016年3—4月在北京大学第一医院(医院组)及北京市西城区什刹海社区卫生服务中心(社区组)儿童保健门诊进行疫苗接种的儿童的家长开展问卷调查,采集相关信息。结果共收集有效问卷266份,其中医院组99份,社区组167份。知晓二类疫苗的家长占74.4%,其中医院组(91.9%)高于社区组(64.1%),差异有显著性(P<0.05),且北京户口、家庭人均月收入高、父母受教育程度高的儿童家长二类疫苗知晓率更高。"医生推荐"是家长获得二类疫苗相关知识的最主要途径。有72.9%的家长愿意给儿童接种二类疫苗,家长对接种二类疫苗的意愿在医院组及社区组间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。家长不愿给儿童接种二类疫苗的主要顾虑是"担心二类疫苗质量无法保障"和"担心存在不良反应"。结论大部分家长对二类疫苗的认知程度较高且接种态度较为积极,"医生推荐"是家长获得二类疫苗相关知识的最主要途径,对疫苗质量及不良反应的担心是阻碍家长给儿童接种二类疫苗的主要因素。Objective Investigate the current situation of children class-Ⅱ vaccination in Beijing, so as to provide reference for improving vaccination services. Method With a cross-sectional survey method, standard questionnaires were administered to the guardian of children who were under vaccination at Peking University First Hospital（hospital group） and Shichahai Community Health Center in Xicheng District of Beijing（community group） in March 2016 to April 2016. Demographic information, awareness rates of class-Ⅱ vaccines and the way to get knowledge of class-Ⅱ vaccines, vaccinate wishes on class-Ⅱ vaccines, vaccinate concerns on class-Ⅱ vaccines were collected. Result A total of 266 respondents completed the questionnaire, 99 from the hospital and 167 from the community. 74.4% parents knew the concept of class-Ⅱ vaccines. The awareness rates in hospital group was higher than the community group（P〈0.05）. The guardian of children who had Beijing native children and highly educated had a higher awareness rates in class-Ⅱ vaccination. ＂Doctors recommend＂are the main way for parents to obtain class-Ⅱ vaccination related knowledge. 72.9% of parents are willing to vaccinate children with class-Ⅱ vaccination, there was no difference between hospital group and community group（P〉0.05） of parents willingness in immunization. ＂Worried about the adverse reaction＂ and ＂worried about the quality of vaccine＂ were main concerns in parents who had apprehension about class-Ⅱ vaccination for their children. Conclusion Parents have an overall high satisfaction on children vaccination services. ＂Doctor＇s recommendation＂ is the most important way for parents to obtain knowledge about class-Ⅱ vaccination, and the fear of vaccination＇s quality and adverse reaction is the main factor that prevents parents from vaccinating class-Ⅱ vaccination to children.

关 键 词：儿童保健 疫苗接种 二类疫苗 

分 类 号：R174.6[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]