桑褐斑壳丰孢菌Phloeospora maculans的主要生物学特性研究  

Major Biological Characteristics of Phloeospora maculans Causing Mulberry Brown Spot Disease

作　　者：江秀均[1] 柴建萍[1] 苏振国[1] 罗雁婕[1] Jiang Xiujun;Chai Jianping;Su Zhenguo;Luo Yanjie(Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mengzi Yunnan 661100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2018年第4期523-529,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：云南省农业科学院应用基础研究专项(No.YJM201703);云南省科技计划项目(No.2017HB059,2015BB009);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：桑褐斑壳丰孢（Phloeospora maculans）是近几年鉴定的云南蚕区桑园发生桑褐斑病的主要病原菌之一。采用菌丝生长速率法研究不同培养基及碳源和氮源、p H值、温度、光照条件对该病原菌菌丝生长与产孢量的影响。结果表明,桑褐斑壳丰孢的菌丝适宜在PDA培养基和PDA＋1%桑叶碎片培养基（简称PDA桑叶培养基）上生长,其中PDA桑叶培养基是最佳的产孢培养基;菌丝生长最佳培养基中的碳源和氮源物质分别是麦芽糖、蛋白胨,以可溶性淀粉为碳源的培养基产孢量最大,而在所有有氮源和无氮源物质的培养基上均不产孢;菌丝生长的最适培养基p H值为6-9,而p H 6时产孢量最大;在22-28℃培养条件下,菌丝生长最快,产孢量最大;连续黑暗条件适合菌丝生长和产孢;菌丝的致死温度条件为50℃水浴处理10 min。上述研究结果提示桑褐斑壳丰孢有很强的营养利用和环境适应能力。Phloeospora maculans（ Bereng.） Allesch is one of the main pathogenic fungi causing mulberry brown spot disease in mulberry fields of Yunnan Province. Effects of different media,sources of nitrogen and carbon,p H,temperature and photoperiod on the growth and sporulation of P. maculans were studied by mycelium growth rate method. Results showed that P. maculans grew well on PDA medium and PDA medium containing 1% mulberry leaf shreds（ abbreviated as ML-PDA）,among which ML-PDA was the optimal medium for conidial production. Maltose and peptone were suitable carbon source and nitrogen source for mycelium growth,soluble starch was the best carbon source for conidial production,and no spore was produced on media with or without supply of nitrogen. The mycelia could grow well at p H6-9 and the conidial production was the highest at p H 6. Both the mycelium growth rate and conidial production was the highest at 22 to 28 ℃. Constant dark was conductive to mycelial growth and spore production. Lethal temperature of the mycelium was at 50 ℃ for 10 min. The results indicate that P. maculans has strong adaptability to various nutritional and environmental conditions.

关 键 词：桑褐斑病 桑褐斑壳丰孢 生物学特性 培养条件 

分 类 号：S888.719[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]