野生和栽培大豆对镉胁迫的响应差异分析  

The Difference of Responses to the Cadmium Stress Between a Wild Soybean and a Cultivated Soybean

作　　者：冯君 赵毅 高婷 张韫璐 马莲菊[1] 谢甫绨[2] 于翠梅[2] FENG Jun;ZHAO Yi;GAO Ting;ZHANG Yun-lu;MA Lian-ju;XIE Fu-ti;YU Cui-mei(College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China;College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《大豆科学》2018年第5期756-761,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅项目(2015020762);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2015490)

摘　　要：为探明野生大豆和栽培大豆对不同浓度镉胁迫的响应差异,筛选大豆耐镉优质资源。以辽豆24和野生大豆1502为材料,采取不同镉浓度处理(0,20,40,80 mg·kg^(-1)),以不添加镉为对照,分别在处理20,30和40 d时,测定株高、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性及MDA含量。结果表明两种大豆均表现出随镉浓度的增加而株高逐渐降低的趋势,40和80 mg·kg^(-1)处理组显著低于对照,且随着处理时间延长,高浓度镉下株高降低幅度增大。镉胁迫对栽培大豆株高的抑制作用较野生大豆表现得更早,更明显。镉胁迫对栽培和野生大豆的SOD、POD和CAT活性及MDA含量都有一定影响,但是两种大豆间差异很大。不同浓度镉胁迫下,SOD和POD活性变化较CAT活性变化表现得更灵敏;栽培大豆的3种抗氧化酶较野生大豆活性变化幅度更大,高镉浓度抑制效应更明显;栽培大豆较野生大豆的MDA含量增加效应出现得更早更明显。野生大豆与栽培大豆相比,对重金属镉的耐受性更强,可以作为重要的遗传资源应用于大豆的抗镉育种。In order to screen the cadmium-tolerant soybean resources, the different responses of the wild and the cultivated soybean to cadmium stress were studied. Taking a cultivated soybean Liaodou 24 and a wild soybean （Glycine soja） 1502 as the research materials, plant height, protective enzyme activity （ SOD, POD, CAT）, malondialdehyde （MDA） content were investigated under treatments with different cadmium concentrations （0,20,40,80 mg· kg^-1 ）and different treatment times （20, 30,40 d）. The results showed that with more treatment concentrations and more time, plant height of both the cultivated soy-bean and the wild soybean seedlings were lower than the control. When the cadmium concentration was 40 and 80 mg·kg^-1, treatments were significantly lower than that of the control. The effect of reducing plant height in the cultivated soybean was earlier and more obvious than that in the wild soybean. There was greater difference in SOD, POD, CAT activity and MDA content to the cadmium stress between the wild soybean and the cultivated soybean. The changes of SOD and POD activity were more sensitive than that of CAT. Three enzyme activities of the cultivated soybean were more varied and more obvious inhibi-tion effect at high concentrations compared with the wild soybean. The effect of increasing MDA content in the cultivated soy-bean was earlier and more obvious than that in the wild soybean. Compared with the cultivated soybean, the wild soybean are more tolerant to heavy metal cadmium, which can be used as an important genetic resource in anti-cadmium breeding of soy-beans.

关 键 词：栽培大豆 野生大豆 镉胁迫 生理反应 

分 类 号：X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S565.1[农业科学—作物学]