烟囱爆破触地振动减震堤减震效果的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Shock Absorption Effect of Shock Absorbing Embankment Touchdown Vibration of Chimney Blasting

作　　者：马建军[1,2] 王立锋 钟冬望 田水龙[1,2] 李伦 MA Jian-jun;WANG Li-feng;ZHONG Dong-wang;TIAN Shui-long;LI Lun(College of science,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China;CRPCE-Blasting Technology Research Center,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学理学院,武汉430065 [2]中铁港航-武科大爆破技术研究中心,武汉430065

出　　处：《爆破》2018年第3期21-28,48,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51574184)

摘　　要：为探索烟囱爆破减震堤的设计依据与量化设计方法,采用模型模拟实验的方法,研究减震堤数目、铺设位置、高度和材料对烟囱爆破触地振动减震效果的影响。研究结果表明:烟囱爆破触地振动倒塌侧面的响应最大,是可能引起周边建筑物破坏的主方向;随减震堤高度增加,减震效果增加,当堤高至2.5~3 m后再增加堤高,其减震效果增加不再明显;在合适的堤高条件下,减震堤数目增加,减震效果增加,但减震堤数目增至3条后,再增加减震堤数,其减震效果增加不再明显;3条减震堤铺设的最佳位置分别为:距烟囱底部的h/2、3h/4、7h/8(h为待拆烟囱高度);采用黄沙做减震堤时,其减震效果最佳,采用混凝土废渣时的减震率约为黄沙的78%~90%,采用松软泥土时的减震率约为黄沙的89%~94%,随着减震堤数目的增加,各种材料的减震效果趋于相近。In order to explore the quantitative design of chimney blasting shock absorption embankment,the influence of numbers,location,height and material of the shock absorption embankment on the vibration reduction effect is studied by using model simulation experiment. The conclusions show that touchdown vibration of the chimney blasting is the largest in the collapsing side,as the main direction which may cause damage to the surrounding buildings. With the increasing of embankment height,shock absorption effect increases obviously,when the height reaches to 2. 5 ~ 3 m,with the height increasing,the effect is no longer obvious. Under the suitable height,with the numbers of damping embankment increasing,shock absorption effect gets obviously increased. When the numbers increases to3,with the numbers increasing,the effect is no longer obvious and the best location is h/2,3 h/4,7 h/8 from the bottom of the chimney（ h is the height of the dismantling chimney）,respectively. By taking sand as the material,shock absorption effect is the best. The damping rate of concrete waste residue is 78% ~ 90% of sand,and soft soil＇s damping rate is 89% ~ 94% of sand. With the numbers of embankment increasing,shock absorption effect of various materials tends to be similar.

关 键 词：烟囱爆破 触地振动 减震堤 减震效果 模型模拟实验 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]