汉语声调水平映射规则的内隐学习及其长度迁移效应  

Implicit Learning and Length Transfer Effect of Chinese Tonal Symmetry

作　　者：姜珊 关守义[2] Jiang Shan;Guan Shouyi(School of Social Administration and Management,Shanghai University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201701;The School Office,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024)

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院社会管理学院,上海201701 [2]河北师范大学学校办公室,石家庄050024

出　　处：《心理学探新》2018年第4期326-332,共7页Psychological Exploration

摘　　要：内隐学习领域关注的重要问题是被试能够习得何种结构及其相应的学习机制。远距离规则的研究为澄清这一问题提供了新的视角。现有研究已证实被试能够内隐地习得并迁移固定长度的远距离规则。按照内隐学习抽象性的观点,如果被试习得的是远距离的抽象规则本身,那么迁移也同时会发生在不同长度的材料上。因此,研究以独特的汉语声调水平映射规则为材料,通过对表面特征与底层规则之间的分离操作,探讨声调水平映射规则的内隐习得和长度迁移,结果表明被试不仅能够习得这一规则,还能够将该规则灵活迁移到不同长度的材料上,进一步为内隐学习的抽象性特点和无限性的学习机制提供强有力的新证据。One central question for the field of implicit learning is what sort of structures can be implicitly learnt and by what computational mechanisms？ The study of non-adjacent structure provide a new view of the problem. It is already well established that people could implicitly learn to detect and transfer inversions at least for fixed-length-stimuli. According to the abstractness of implicit learning,if people could acquire the non-adjacent rule per se,generalization will occur to sequences with arbitrary different lengths. Using a specific sort of Chinese tonal symmetry（ inversion rule）,we explore the acquisition and generalization of unconscious structural knowledge,the results showed that people could implicitly learn to discriminate inversions from non-inversions and generalize the underlying rules to poems of untrained lengths of lines,presenting a good evidence to support the abstractness and supra-finite state mechanisms of implicit learning.

关 键 词：水平映射规则 内隐学习 迁移 结构知识 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]