高通量测序技术在环境微生物领域的应用与进展  

Application and Progress of High-Throughput Sequencing Technology in the Field of Environmental Microorganisms

作　　者：艾铄 张丽杰[1,2] 肖芃颖 张晓凤[1] 邢志林[1] AI Shuo;ZHANG Lijie;XIAO Pengying;ZHANG Xiaofeng;XING Zhilin(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering;College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆理工大学药学与生物工程学院,重庆400054

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2018年第9期111-121,共11页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41502328;57108077);重庆市基础前沿项目(cstc2015jcyjB0015);重庆市民生项目(cstc2015shmszx0854)

摘　　要：环境微生物在维持环境生态系统平衡、消除次生环境污染等领域起着重要作用,其中群落结构及多样性研究和分析是揭示其代谢规律和生态响应的重要手段。近几年高通量测序技术的出现和日趋成熟,为该领域研究的深入开展提供了契机。据此,概述了高通量测序技术的发展史,并比较了不同测序平台的特点。结合最新进展和课题组实验研究,阐述了高通量测序技术在典型环境介质中的应用,包括:大气(空气)中环境微生物的污染治理和对空气质量的评估;天然水体中环境微生物的物质循环和次生水体的污染治理与环境修复;土壤环境微生物多样性变化、功能菌株构建筛选等方面的研究进展。最后展望了高通量测序技术在环境微生物领域的未来研究方向,指出了目前所存在的问题。Environmental microorganism plays an important role in maintaining the balance of environment ecological systems and eliminating secondary environmental pollution. Research and analysis of the community structure and diversity is an important means to reveal their metabolicpatterns and ecological responses. In recent years,the emergence and increasing maturity of highthroughput sequencing technology provide the opportunity for in-depth research in the field.Accordingly,this paper outlines the history of the development of high-throughput sequencing and comparatively analysis the characteristics of different sequencing platforms. And combining with the latest research developments and experiments of research group,it elaborates the application of highthroughput sequencing technology progress in typical environmental media, including： pollution control of environmental microorganisms and its affections on air quality assessment in atmosphere（ air）; material recycling of environmental microorganisms in natural water,pollution control and environmental remediation in secondary water; the change of diversity and functional building screening of soil microbial and so on. Finally,high-throughput sequencing technology directions for future research and the existing problems in the field of environmental microorganisms were discussed.

关 键 词：环境微生物 高通量测序 群落结构 多样性 环境修复 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]