语言是言语社区的设施——关于“语言识别”和“语言认同”的讨论  

Language as facilities of a speech community: Discussions on language identification and ethnic languages

作　　者：徐大明[1] XU Daming(University of Maca)

机构地区：[1]澳门大学人文学院

出　　处：《外国语言文学》2018年第2期115-128,共14页Foreign Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：澳门大学科研基金项目"澳门语言资源与语言管理研究"(MYRG2017-00161-FAH)及"澳门;香港和珠海的语言接触与认同形成"(MYRG2015-00205-FAH)的资助~~

摘　　要：当前有关"语言识别"的争议可以追溯到对"语言是什么"的不同理解。将语言仅仅作为沟通工具的语言识别理论导致"过度识别"的结果。将语言作为认同工具的语言识别理论未能区分语言认同与民族认同,也常常将语言规划与语言识别相混淆。根据言语社区理论,认同和沟通的共构形成社区的语言;而语言和民族的共构则属于落后于时代的语言规划观。语言识别理论有必要吸取言语社区的研究成果,从动态和发展的视角来识别语言,从而使语言学更好地服务社会。The recent disputes on language identification are traced to divergent understandings of what language is. The understanding that language is no more than a tool of communication promotes the method of mutual intelligibility. The more traditional approach is based on the notion of ＂ethnolinguistic identity＂. In contrast, the theory of speech community defines a language as a tool of communication and identification of a speech community. Under such theoretical perspective, the motivation of language identification is from the speech community. The theory questions the theory and practice of language identification which are based on pre-conceived co-identification of language and ethnicity. It also points out the confusion of language identification with language planning.

关 键 词：语言识别 语言是什么 语言规划 语言认同 言语社区 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]