作为沟通过程的行政听证  

Administrative Hearing as a Process of Communication

作　　者：石肖雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院

出　　处：《法学家》2018年第5期44-60,共17页The Jurist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"相对集中行政许可权实现机制研究"(17CFX016)阶段性成果

摘　　要：从现有行政听证制度的历史来看,脱胎于抗辩式庭审过程的听证程序,在被移植到行政过程中出现了适用困境。"司法型"听证所营造的"正式化"陷阱,使其难以和行政任务的多样化需求相匹配。以理想类型的研究进路,在现有制度雏形的基础上,并结合行政机关功能的变迁,可提炼出行政听证的两种纯粹类型———个案裁决型听证和政策形成型听证。这两者分别代表了基于互利互惠和共同目标的沟通过程,其中个人主体地位从消极地防御侵害发展为积极地形成公共秩序,相应的互动关系也呈现出对抗型与协调型的特征。沟通目的以及程序结构的不同决定了,两种行政听证理想类型在程序主体的角色分化和相应功能,以及听证程序产生之拘束力上存在的差异。The traditional form of hearing is an adversary trial-type process,which meets some predicaments when it is transplanted to the administrative process.It makes a trap that the formal hearing is an adversary trial-type one,which cannot fit in with different kind of administrative tasks.This study finds two ideal pure types of hearing procedure:case-deciding and policy-making.It is a reciprocal communication in adjudication hearing process,while a communication with common aims in policy making hearing process.There are two sets of characteristics of these ideal types:simplicity and diversity,defensiveness and constructiveness.The different functions between case-deciding type of hearing and policy-making type of hearing lead to the divergence of their procedures.

关 键 词：行政听证 理想类型 沟通个案裁决政策形成 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]