河床冲淤对洪水演进影响数值模拟研究  

Influence of morphological variation on flood propagation evaluated by a hydro-morphological model

作　　者：李东来 侯精明 王新宏[1] 权锦[2] LI Dong-lai;HOU Jing-ming;WANG Xin-hong;QUAN Jin(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi＇an University of Technology,Xi＇an 710048,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2018年第5期13-20,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0402704);国家自然科学基金项目(19672016);陕西水利科技项目(2017slkj-14)

摘　　要：河流中发生洪水时一般都会伴随着河床冲淤变形,不仅对本场次洪水的水位产生影响,也会对后续洪水的演进过程有所作用,该作用在传统洪水演进模型中常被忽略。开发了一套基于GPU加速计算技术的耦合了河床演变的水动力数值模型。模型经试验资料验证后,用于模拟黄河巴彦高勒段河床演变对洪水演进过程和淹没程度的影响。结果表明：洪水导致的河道冲刷和分叉分别发生在河道中游与下游,与实测趋势相符;对比两场相同来洪条件下的洪水演进过程,因前一场洪水在该段造成的冲刷,第二场洪水水位降低,洪灾发生的风险和损失程度也随之降低。因此河床冲淤变形在精准预测多泥沙河流洪水演进和风险分析中有着重要影响,在进行洪水预测预报及与洪水相关的规划、设计、施工和管理工作时应适当考虑。Scour or deposition in a river induced by last flood event will increase or decrease the risk of the next flood event,which is not fully taken into account for some existing 2 D fluvial flood models. To resolve the problem,this work is dedicated to develop a GPU based on a 2 D hydrodynamic model coupled with the sediment transport and the morphological models. After being validated against an experimental test,the model is applied to simulate the influence of the fluvial processes on flood patterns for a reach of the Yellow River,China. Results show that the computed river channel changes fit well with the observation. Influence of reshaped bed could be of significant for some fluvial flood events,such as the second flood event could be less devastating than the previous event due to the decreased water surface level. It therefore must be taken into account when evaluating the flood risk in a similar case.

关 键 词：洪水 泥沙模拟 河床演变 浅水方程 GPU 

分 类 号：TV147.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]