改良锰矿渣中木本植物筛选及锰的亚细胞分布和化学形态  

SCREENING FOR TOLERANT WOODY PLANTS FOR IMPROVED MANGANESE SLAG AND RESEARCH ON SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION AND CHEMICAL FORM OF MANGANESE

作　　者：何蔚 陈永华 梁希 汤春芳 吴晓芙 HE Wei, CHEN Yong-hua, LIANG Xi, TANG Chun-fang, WU Xiao-fu(College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《环境工程》2018年第9期154-160,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：环保公益性行业专项(201509037);湖南省环保科技项目(湘财建指【2016】-59);湖南省环境科学与工程重点学科建设项目

摘　　要：针对锰矿矿渣土壤结构不良、养分少、重金属含量高的特点,及修复植物大多为草本植物的问题,在改良锰矿矿渣(对照CK:100%矿渣+0.1 kg磷肥;改良A:80%矿渣+20%泥炭土+0.1 kg磷肥;改良B:70%矿渣+30%泥炭土+0.1 kg磷肥;改良C:60%矿渣+40%泥炭土+0.1 kg磷肥)种植条件下,对湖南本土的14种木本植物进行耐性筛选,并对长势良好的耐性植物的亚细胞分布和化学形态进行了分析。结果表明:1)植物长势、生物量、株高增量、重金属的吸收量及转移量系数均呈现改良组>对照组的规律,但改良组之间不同的植物品种存在差异,总体上泡桐、夹竹桃、栾树、乌桕表现出较好的耐性。2)Mn在泡桐、夹竹桃各部位的亚细胞分布以细胞壁为主,在栾树、乌桕各部位以细胞壁和可溶性组分为主,两者共占总量的85%～99%,在线粒体、叶绿体和细胞核等细胞器中分布均很少。3)Mn在植物各部位的化学形态以氯化钠、水提取态为主,共占47%～81%,其次是醋酸态。相比于对照组,改良组对各部位Mn的化学形态的影响因植物品种不同而存在差异。In view of the poor structure, less nutrient and high heavy metal content of the manganese mine tailing slag and the plants for phytoremediation mostly are herbaceous plants, pot experiments with improved slag were adopted in this paper. Under the specific conditions （CK： 100% slag ＋0. 1 kg phosphate fertilizer, improved A： 80% slag ＋20% peat soil ＋0. 1 kg phosphate fertilizer, improved B： 70% slag ＋30% peat soil ＋0. 1 kg phosphate fertilizer, improved C： 60% slag ＋40% peat soil ＋0.1 kg phosphate fertilizer）, 14 species of woody plants in Hunan were screened for manganese tolerance. And the subcellular distribution and chemical speciation of manganese in the tolerant plants were analyzed. Results showed that： 1 ） compared with CK group, three improved groups were better in plant biomass, height increment, content of heavy metals and transfer coefficient, but there are differences among different plant species in the three improved groups. On the whole, Paulownia,Nerium indicum, Koelreuteria paniculata, Sapium sebiferum showed better tolerance. 2） in Paulownia and Nerium indicum, most of Mn were distributed in plant cell wall,and in Koelreuteria paniculata and Sapium sebiferum most of Mn were distributed in cell wall components and soluble components. The two parts account for 85% ~ 99% of the total mass. But the distribution in cell organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and nucleus components were less. 3） the main chemical forms of Mn were sodium chloride and water forms, accounted for 47% - 81% of the total mass, followed by acetic acid forms. Compared with CK group, the effect of the improved groups on the chemical forms of Mn varied with plant types.

关 键 词：锰矿渣 改良剂 耐性植物筛选 亚细胞分布 化学形态 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]