现代海洋环境监测体系和海洋管理背景下的浮游生物监测  

Plankton Monitoring under the Background of Modern Marine Environmental Monitoring System and Marine Management

作　　者：赵秀玲[1] 朱虹[1] 耿立佳 彭燕 孙栋[2] ZHAO Xiuling;ZHU Hong;GENG Lijia;PENG Yan;SUN Dong(East Sea Center of Standard ＆ Metrology（Technology）,SOA,Shanghai 2013 6,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry,Second Institute of Oceanography,SOA,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局东海标准计量中心,上海201306 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2018年第10期31-38,共8页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家海洋局东海分局青年科技基金项目(201619);海洋公益性行业科研专项项目(201305027);国家自然科学基金项目(41406116)

摘　　要：浮游生物在海洋生态系统中处于基础性地位,为促进我国浮游生物监测工作的发展,文章在现代海洋环境监测体系和海洋管理的背景下,从海洋生态系统保护、全球变化研究和现代海洋管理3个方面,系统梳理和分析浮游生物监测的意义和价值,并对我国相关领域的工作提出启示和展望。研究结果表明:浮游生物的恶性暴发和入侵对海洋生态系统造成严重影响,各类国际公约和政府间协议都将浮游生物监测作为保护海洋生物多样性的重要内容;浮游生物的分类信息以及其分布区和物候学特征对气候变化和海水温度的指示信息,可作为全球变化研究的重要指标;浮游生物监测已被广泛应用于国内外现代海洋管理中,主要包括海洋生态系统服务评价、海洋环境影响评价和海洋生物资源评价3个方面;我国浮游生物监测工作在浮游生物分类和鉴定以及大数据应用方面存在不足,未来应加强相关能力考核、标准化计量认证、数据整合共享和新技术手段运用。Plankton is a fundamental component of marine ecosystems.In order to promote the de- velopment of plankton monitoring in China, the present study reviewed the significance of plank- ton monitoring in the aspects of marine ecosystem protection,global change research and modern ocean management, in the context of marine environmental monitoring system and ocean manage ment,and provided enlightenment and prospect for future work in this field. The main points of this review were as follows： firstly, the blooms and invasions of plankton severely influenced ma-rine ecosystems, and various international conventions and intergovernmental agreements con- firmed plankton monitoring as an important element in the protection of marine biodiversity; sec- ondly, the information of plankton diversity and the indications of its distribution and phenological characteristics on global change and seawater temperature were used as important index in re- search; thirdly,plankton monitoring has been widely used in modern marine management around the world,including the evaluation of marine ecosystem service, the assessment of marine envi- ronmental impacts and the assessment of marine biological resources; at last, it was suggested that the plankton monitoring project of China should strengthen assessment of fundamental abili- ty,standardized metrology accreditation, integration and share of data, and application of new methods,as powerful reactions to the shortcomings in the identification of plankton and the appli- cation of big data for the present.

关 键 词：海洋环境监测 海洋管理 浮游生物 海洋生态系统 全球变化 

分 类 号：O179.1[理学—数学] P76[理学—基础数学]