“依母情结”与死亡焦虑:评罗兰·巴特的《哀痛日记》  

“Bowlby Complex” and Death Anxiety:A Review of Roland Barthes's Mourning Diary

作　　者：张卫东[1] Zhang Weidong(Associate Professor,English Department,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学外国语学院英文系,江苏南京200000

出　　处：《外国文学》2018年第5期138-147,共10页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金(16CWW005);江苏省社科基金青年项目(15WWC004)

摘　　要：《哀痛日记》是罗兰·巴特在其母亲去世之后两年多的时间里与自己情感世界的"对话",也是巴特为了缓释悲痛而为母亲之死"立碑"的泣血之作。它展现了巴特对母亲亨利特的一种"依母情结",这种依母情结区别于恋母情结,表现为"安全依恋"双方关系中由于一方的缺位所导致的生活失控和情感崩溃。同时,母亲的逝去唤起了巴特的死亡意识,激发了他对"我"死亡的悖论性思考,最终,萦绕在巴特头上的"死亡魔咒"使他带着对死亡的焦虑、恐惧但又释然的复杂情绪完成了自己的涅槃。悲痛、失控、焦虑成为他生命最后两年时光里精神状态的注解。Mourning Diary is an affective ＂dialogue＂ between Roland Barthes and his emotional world in more than two years after his mother passed away, and it is also a blooddripping work serving as a sort of ＂gravestone-erecting＂ to his mother so as to relieve his distress. This ＂dialogue＂ exhibits a kind of ＂Bowlby Complex,＂ which is different from Oedipus Complex, present as a kind of life chaos and emotional collapse caused by unilateral loss in the bi-relationship of ＂security attachment.＂ Meanwhile, the death of his mother aroused a death consciousness and triggered paradoxical thinking of his own death. Finally, he finished his own nirvana with a complicated mood of death anxiety and fear, mixed with relief, which like a charm had been hovering in his last two years. Sorrow, mess and anxiety had become annotations of his psychosis.

关 键 词：《哀痛日记》 罗兰·巴特 依母情结 死亡焦虑 

分 类 号：I565[文学—其他各国文学]