人乳的磷脂组成与脂肪球结构  

Phospholipid composition and fat globule structure of human milk

作　　者：杨洁 杨丹 张雪 韦伟 黄健花[1] 金青哲[1] 王兴国[1] YANG Jie;YANG Dan;ZHANG Xue;WEI Wei;HUANGjianhua;JIN Qingzhe;WANG Xingguo(Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health,COFCO Health and Nutrition Institute,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品学院食品科学与技术国家重点实验室江苏省食品安全与质量控制协同创新中心,江苏无锡214122 [2]中粮营养健康研究院营养健康与食品安全北京市重点实验室,北京102209

出　　处：《中国油脂》2018年第10期134-139,共6页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31701558);国家重点研发计划"现代食品加工及粮油收储运技术与装备"重点专项(2017YFD0400600);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(JΜSRP11734)

摘　　要：采用核磁共振磷谱(^(31)P-NMR)测定不同泌乳期、不同胎龄的人乳磷脂组成,结果显示足月儿和早产儿人乳中,磷脂的主要组成均为鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酰乙醇胺缩醛磷脂(EPLAS)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)和磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS),其中SM含量最高,其次为PC和PE,PS和PI含量最低。总磷脂含量在相同胎龄不同泌乳期以及相同泌乳期不同胎龄间均无显著性差异。在磷脂组成上,足月儿人乳中PI在初乳和过渡乳中的含量分别为(4.14±0.42)%和(3.66±0.66)%,显著高于成熟乳中的(2.79±0.09)%;早产儿人乳中PC在初乳和过渡乳中的含量分别为(30.74±2.03)%和(29.40±2.37)%,显著高于成熟乳的(27.55±2.42)%,此外EPLAS含量随泌乳期的延长逐渐降低,PE含量逐渐升高,PE+EPLAS在不同的泌乳期无显著性差异。另外,足月儿和早产儿的脂肪球结构无明显差异,磷脂构成的膜包裹体积平均粒径约为5μm的脂肪球。Phospholipid（PL）composition in human milk from different lactation periods and gestational ages was analyzed using（31）P-NMR.The results indicated that in preterm and full term human milk,the main PL were SM,PC,PE,EPLAS,PI and PS,in which the content of SM was the highest,followed by PC and PE,and the contents of PI and PS were the lowest.The content of total PL did not show significant difference in human milk from different lactation periods and gestational ages.In phospholipid composition,the contents of PI in colostrum and transitional milk in full term human milk were（4.14±0.42）%and（3.66±0.66）%respectively,which were significantly higher than（2.79±0.09）%of the mature milk.In preterm human milk,the contents of PC in colostrum and transitional milk were（30.74±2.03）%and（29.40±2.37）%respectively,which were significantly higher than（27.55±2.42）%of the mature milk.In addition,the EPLAS content decreased and PE content increased gradually with the lactation period prolonging,while the content of PE＋EPLAS had no significant difference.Moreover,there was no significant difference in milk fat globule between preterm and full term human milk.Milk fat glob-ule membrane composed of phospholipid enveloped milk fat globule with volume mean diameter about5μm.

关 键 词：磷谱核磁 磷脂 人乳脂肪球 泌乳期 胎龄 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] TQ541[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]