一起由金黄色葡萄球菌及其肠毒素引发食物中毒的实验室检测与分析  

Detection and analysis on food poisoning cases caused by Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin

作　　者：栾阳[1] 张晔[1] 张金[1] 黄河清[1] 王增国[1] LUAN Yang;ZHANG Ye;ZHANG Jin;HUANG Heqing;WANG Zengguo(Xi＇an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西710054

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2018年第11期1083-1086,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81602902)

摘　　要：目的查明引发食物中毒的致病菌,运用基因分型技术对致病菌进行溯源分析,为食物中毒诊断提供依据。方法采用食品安全国家GB 4789系列标准方法对致病菌进行分离、鉴定。金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素分型检测采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),肠毒素基因的检测采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,利用脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)进行同源性分析,全自动药敏接种判读仪(AIM-Vizion)进行耐药分析。结果 4份标本中都检测出金黄色葡萄球菌,4株菌均产A型肠毒素,携带sea基因,剩余食物分离株与病人分离株PFGE带型相似性为93.8%,具有高度同源性,菌株对5种抗生素耐药。结论本次食物中毒由肠毒素A型的金黄色葡萄球菌所致,实时荧光定量PCR可以弥补传统ELISA的不足。PFGE可迅速锁定传染源。提醒相关部门要加大合作和监督力度,保障食品安全。Objective To identify the pathogenic bacteria of food poisoning and analyze the pathogenic bacteria by gene typing technique,so as to provide the basis for the diagnosis of food poisoning. Methods The food safety national GB 4789 series standard method was used to separate and identify the pathogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin types was detected by ELISA. Detection of enterotoxin genes used real-time PCR method. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis（ PFGE） was conducted for clustering analysis of the identified isolates. Drug resistance results were shown by Vizion. Results A total of 4 Staphylococcus aureus were detected from samples. All of them produced enterotoxin A and carried enterotoxin gene sea. The similarity of the PFGE band type between the residual food isolate and the patients isolates was 93. 8%. They were highly homologous. The strains were resistant to 5 antibiotics. Conclusion The food poisoning was caused by the Staphylococcus aureus which produce enterotoxin A. Real-time PCR can make up for the shortcomings of the traditional ELISA method and improve the accuracy of the test. The results of PFGE had proved the correlation between food poisoning pathogens and locked the source of infection rapidly. At the same time,we should remind relevant departments to intensify supervision and ensure food safety.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 食物中毒 肠毒素 脉冲场凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：R378.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]