竞争环境下轴–辐式海运网络设计与定价决策  

Hub-and-spoke shipping network design and pricing decision in a competitive environment

作　　者：赵宇哲[1,2] 周晶淼 迟国泰 Zhao Yuzhe;Zhou Jingmiao;Chi Guotai(College of Transportation Management,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China;Faculty of Management and Economics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]大连理工大学管理与经济学部,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《系统工程学报》2018年第5期615-626,共12页Journal of Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71403035;71831002);教育部“创新团队”发展计划资助项目(IRT17R13);辽宁省社会科学规划基金资助项目(L17CGL012).

摘　　要：针对海运市场上处于不同地位的海运企业以轴–辐式海运网络设计与定价决策进行竞争的问题,建立了领导者以成本导向的离散枢纽选址模型与跟随者以需求导向的连续枢纽选址模型,分别采用CPLEX与Lambert W函数、NCP函数、凝聚函数和增广Lagrange乘子罚函数法进行求解;最后,通过算例验证了模型和算法的有效性.仿真结果显示,跟随者只有在领导者经营少量的枢纽港口且定价的成本加成较高时,通过建立多个枢纽港口享用较大的规模经济效应来获取丰厚的利润;跟随者还可通过提高定价决策以争取额外的利润,这是因为海运市场上始终存在着一些愿意支付更高价格的托运人.A leader＇s cost-oriented discrete hub location model and a follower＇s demand-oriented continuous hub location model are formulated to solve the competition problem where both shipping companies at different status are using their own hub-and-spoke shipping network design and pricing decisions. The models are solved by CPLEX and an augmented Lagrange function method based on Lambert W function, NCP function and coherent function, respectively. Finally, the proposed methodologies are verified by numerical experiments. The simulation results confirm that the follower will obtain much profits by opening more hub ports and taking advantage of high economies of scale, only if the leader has less hub ports or charges a high margin over its costs; the follower can improve its profits by considerably increasing its prices, because there are always consignors in shipping market willing to pay more for the service.

关 键 词：轴-辐式网络 定价决策 Lambert W函数 NCP函数 凝聚函数 

分 类 号：U69[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] O221.4[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]