义务教育学生科学素养及其关键影响因素研究——来自PISA、TIMSS和NAEP的国际测评经验  

A Study on the Science Literacy of Students and Its Key Influencing Factors in Compulsory Education——International Evaluation Experience Based on PISA,TIMSS and NAEP

作　　者：潘士美 张裕灵 李玲 PAN Shimei;ZHANG Yuling;LI Ling(Center for Educational Policy of Faculty of Education of Southwest University/Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部教育政策研究所/西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2018年第10期76-87,共12页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：中央高校基金创新团队项目"基础教育质量监测"(项目编号:SWU1709104);国家社会科学基金重大项目"义务教育质量关键影响因素监测框架构建与验证研究"(项目编号:16ZDA229);西南大学教育学部重大培育项目"西部民族地区义务教育质量监测追踪数据库建设与分析"(项目编号:2017ZDPY02)

摘　　要：国际测评项目PISA、TIMSS和NAEP基于不同理论或现实考量,围绕具体的科学素养概念,构建了以"知识和能力"为核心的科学内容测评框架,并选取"层次化"的关键影响因素对学生科学素养进行解释,实现了数据库建设与科学教育研究之间的良性互动。我国科学素养测评应借鉴国际三大项目的经验:积极探索新时代中国特色测评的理论基础;明确学生"科学能力"模型的结构和要素;重视科学探究与实践,强调重知识向重能力的转变;把握好关键影响因素的"分层"和"嵌套"特征;推动科学素养及其关键影响因素数据库的建设和使用,为科技后备人才培养精准发力。Based on the different theories or realities, the international evaluation proj- ects such as PISA, TIMSS and NAEP come up with the specific concept of science literacy and the assessment frameworks of science content focusing on ＂knowledge and compe- tence＂, and select hierarchical key influencing factors to explain science literacy of stu- dents, which have established benign interaction between database construction and sci- ence education researches. Our scientific evaluations should draw on experience from the three major projects ： to explore the theoretical basis of scientific evaluations in the new era actively; to explicit the structure and elements of the ＂science ability＂ model;to pay atten- tion to scientific inquiry and practice and emphasize the transformation of attaching impor- tance to knowledge to ability; to grasp the ＂layering ＆ nesting＂ features of these key influ- encing factors ; to promote the construction and usage of the database about scientific litera- cy and its key influencing factors, and make a contribution to cultivating scientific and tech- nological reserve personnel precisely.

关 键 词：科学素养 关键影响因素 国际测评经验 

分 类 号：G423.04[文化科学—课程与教学论]