麋鹿栖息地水体溶解性有机质光谱学特征  

Spectral Characteristic of Dissolved Organic Matter in Water of Habitats of Père David's Deer

作　　者：张树苗[1] 刘丹妮[2,3] 白加德[1] 李夷平[1] 吴越[2,3] 陈颀[1] 常江 侯文华[2,3] ZHANG Shumiao; LIU Danni; BAI Jiade; LI Yiping; WU Yue; CHEN Qi; CHANG Jiang; HOU Wenhua;(Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]北京麋鹿生态实验中心,北京100076 [2]中国环境科学研究院水污染控制技术研究中心,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第10期13-20,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：北京市财政基金项目:2017年麋鹿迁地保护种群及其栖息地生物多样性监测数据采集(PXM2016_178218_000012)

摘　　要：应用三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)和紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)技术研究了中国7处麋鹿保护区栖息地生活区水中的溶解性有机质(DOM)的光谱学特征。结果表明,麋鹿不同栖息地环境中的水质复杂,主要理化指标的变异指数为47%~95%。各栖息地水中DOM的吸收系数α(355)在1.84~17.96 m^(-1)之间,吸收光谱拟合斜率S在0.017~0.028 6 nm^(-1)之间,说明水中DOM分子量小,腐殖化程度不高。三维荧光光谱显示,北京南海子麋鹿苑、辽阳千山呈龙鹿场、河北滦河上游自然保护区、江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区饮水中的DOM以结构比较简单的蛋白类物质为主。天津宁河县七里海国家湿地公园、湖南东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区和湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区的DOM荧光光谱中类富里酸物质荧光峰明显。各麋鹿栖息地水体的荧光指数FI_(370)、BIX、HIX值分别为1.41~1.87,0.76~1.13和0.45~0.80。湖南东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区、湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区水中DOM的外源性输入较高。江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区、辽阳千山呈龙鹿场、北京南海子麋鹿苑、河北滦河上游自然保护区以内源贡献为主。水源补充方式、麋鹿种群密度以及栖息地生态系统类型的差异是造成麋鹿活动区饮水中DOM成分和来源不同的主要原因。Dissolved organic matter（DOM）from 7 main habitats of Pcre David＇ s deer in China were investigated by ultraviolet-visible （UV-Vis） absorption spectra and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra （3D-EEM）. Basic testing revealed the complexity of water that Milu daily live on from different habitats with variable coefficient of 47%-95% in water-quality indexes. The range of the absorption coefficients at 355 nm and the spectral slope S values were 1.84-17.96 m-1, 0.017-0.028 6 nm-1 respectively, indicating that the water from these habitats has relative low degree of humification and low molecular weights. Significant peaks of protein-like components were found in 3D-EEM spectra from Nanhaizi Milu Park, Liaoyang Cheng-Long Deer Farm, Luanhe Upper Reaches Nature Reserve and Dafeng National Reserve, while higher peaks of humic- like components were found in spectra from Qilihai National Wetland Park, Shishou Elk Nature Reserve and East Dongting National Nature Reserve. FI370, B/X and HIX ranged from 1.41~1.87, 0.76-1.13 and 0.45-0.80, respectively. East Dongting National Nature Reserve and Shishou Elk Nature Reserve have higher degree of terrigenous DOM, while authigenic DOM is dominant in Dafeng National Reserve, Liaoyang Cheng-Long Deer Farm, Nanhaizi Milu Park and Luanhe Upper Reaches Nature Reserve. Supplemental source of water, variety of ecosystem and density of Milu population could be the main reason for the variation of DOM composition and source in these Milu habitats.

关 键 词：麋鹿 三维荧光 栖息地水体 溶解性有机质 光谱特征 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]