霾的观测标准(规范)历史沿革与修订建议  

Historical Evolution and Revised Proposals of Observation Standards(Norms) of Haze

作　　者：伍永学 吴兑 WU Yongxue; WU Dui,(Beijing Observatory, Beijing 100089, China; Yanqing District Meteorological Service Bureau, Beijing 102100, China; Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510080, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市观象台,北京100089 [2]北京市延庆区气象局,北京102100 [3]暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所,广东广州510632 [4]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东广州510080

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第10期206-212,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41475004);2019年世园会和2022年冬奥会环境气象保障人才培养项目

摘　　要：由于经济规模的迅速扩大和城市化进程的加快,城市霾现象日趋严重,霾与雾的区分成为一个非常现实又迫切需要解决的问题。文中回顾了自1929年以来中国地面气象观测规范有关霾、霭、雾、轻雾等天气现象观测的历史沿革,从中可以看出,Mist是霭而不是"轻雾",可以通过合理的相对湿度限值对霾和雾、霭现象进行区分,建议实时观测区分霾和霭(雾)的相对湿度限值为95%。Due to the rapid economic growth and accelerated urbanization, the phenomenon of urban haze is becoming increasingly serious. The distinction between haze and fog has become a very realistic and urgent problem to be solved. This paper reviews the historical evolution of meteorological observation of haze, mist, tbg, light fog and other weather phenomena in China since 1929. Haze, mist, fog and light fog can be distinguished by a reasonable threshold of relative humidity. It is suggested that the threshold of relative humidity for the difference of haze, fog, and mist in real time observation is 95%.

关 键 词：霾 霭 雾 轻雾 能见度 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]