糖与温度对短柄细叶连蕊茶花粉活力的影响  

Effects of Carbohydrates and Temperature on the Pollen Viability of Camellia parvilimba Merr. et Metc. var. Brevipes Chang

作　　者：于波 朱玉 黄丽丽 孙映波 吴华玲[4] YU Bo;ZHU Yu;HUANG Lili;SUN Yingbo;WU Hualing(Environmental Horticulture Institute,Guangd Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China/Guangdong Key Lab.of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Guangzhou 510640;National Ilan University,Yilan 26047;Chinese Bioresource Application Association,Taibei 10457;Tea Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation ＆ Utilization Resources Innovation and Utilization,Guangzhou,510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所/农业部华南都市农业重点实验室/广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]宜兰大学,台湾宜兰26047 [3]中华生物资源应用协会,台湾台北10457 [4]广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所/广东省茶树资源创新利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2018年第9期24-29,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广州市对外合作项目"芳香山茶种质资源创新及产业化应用技术研究"(No.201807010016);农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室开放课题(No.2014hhlm006);广州市产学研协同创新重大专项"微型茶花品种资源创新利用及产业化关键技术研究"(No.201604020031);广东省标准化制修订项目"广东山茶播种育苗技术规程";广东省科技计划项目"广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所创新能力建设"(No.2017A070702008);广东省科技计划项目"红紫芽茶树高花青素相关功能基因的克隆与功能研究"(No.2014A030313567);广东省农业攻关重点项目"观赏茶新品系选育及高效快繁技术研究与示范"(No.2011A020102007);广州市科技计划项目"特色高花青素红紫芽茶种质鉴评与创新利用"(No.201506010018);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-19)

摘　　要：为了建立短柄细叶连蕊茶(Camellia parvilimba Merr. et Metc. var. Brevipes Chang)花粉检测和低温保存的方法,克服该物种与其他山茶物种间因开花时间与空间不同所造成的杂交育种障碍,开展了糖与温度对短柄细叶连蕊茶花粉活力的影响研究。采用离体萌发法,研究糖的种类(蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖和山梨醇)、浓度(0.146~0.876 mol/L)、低温(5~25℃)或高温(30~35℃)处理以及-80℃低温贮藏对花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:花粉在含有0.292 mol/L的蔗糖或乳糖的培养基中萌发率较高,分别可达16.17%和16.08%。低温处理(5~25℃)对花粉萌发无不良影响,但高温(≥30℃)能造成花粉萌发率显著降低。经30℃处理6 h后,花粉萌发率显著下降至10.20%。花粉在-80℃条件下贮藏12个月后,萌发率仍可达11.12%。本研究为今后利用短柄细叶连蕊茶开展山茶物种间杂交育种,克服花期不遇等问题提供技术参考。In order to establish a method for pollen detection and cryopreservafion of Camellia parvilimba and overcome the obstacle of cross breeding between Camellia parvilirnba and other species due to the difference of flowering time and space, the effect of carbohydrate and temperature on the pollen vigor of C. parvilimba Merr. et Metc. var. Brevipes Chang was analyzed. The effects of carbohydrate （sucrose, lactose, glucose, maltose and sorbitol）, concentration （0.146 - 0.876 mol/L）, low temperature （5~25℃）, high temperature （30~35 ℃） and low temperature storage （-80℃） on pollen germination of C. parvilimba were studied through in vitro germination. The results showed that pollen germination rate was higher in the medium containing 0.292 mol/L sucrose or lactose, up to 16.17% and 16.08%, respectively. Low temperature （5~250℃） had no bad effect on the pollen germination, but the germination rate of pollen decreased significantly under high temperature （≥30 ℃）. After the pollen was treated for 6h at 30 ℃, the pollen germination rate dropped to 10.20%. After the pollen was stored for 12 months under -80℃, the germination rate was up to 11.12%.

关 键 词：短柄细叶连蕊茶 花粉 生活力 贮藏力 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺]