基于FPGA的高频超声皮肤三维扫描控制及数据采集系统设计  

Design of high-frequency ultrasonic skin 3D scanning control and data acquisition system based on FPGA

作　　者：王文赛 王韬[1] 周榴 高旋 宋学东[1] 杨军[1] WANG Wen-sai;WANG Tao;ZHOU Liu;GAO Xuan;SONG Xue-dong;YANG Jun(Institute of Biomedical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ＆ Peking Union Medical College,Tianjin 300192,China;MEDA Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津300192 [2]天津迈达医学科技股份有限公司,天津300384

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2018年第11期5-9,共5页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：天津市科技支撑项目(16YFZCSY00870);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程协同创新团队项目资助(2017-12M-3-020)

摘　　要：目的:研制一套基于现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA)的高频超声皮肤三维扫描控制及数据采集系统,用于控制皮肤等浅表器官的高频超声三维扫描和高频超声二维图像序列的获取,并实现高频超声三维成像。方法:该系统由上位机模块、下位机模块及高频超声三维探头组成,通过精密扫描及采样控制进行数据采集。针对二维超声图像等时间间隔采样的不足,设计了等空间间隔采样方法,提高二维超声图像的质量。系统采集的高频超声图像序列通过USB接口上传至上位机进行实时显示和缓存,并基于可视化工具包VTK(visualization toolkit)对采集到的皮肤高频超声图像序列进行三维重建。结果:该系统可以得到待测部位的三维超声图像及任意角度切面图像。通过对自制超声体模三维重建结果的测量,验证了该系统的准确性;通过上臂皮肤体数据的切面可以清晰地观察到皮肤下血管的形态和走向。结论:该系统准确地实现了皮肤的三维数据采集,为皮肤等浅表器官疾病的临床诊断奠定了实验基础。Objective To develop a set of high frequency ultrasonic skin 3D scanning control and data acquisition system based on field-programmable gate array （FPGA） in order to control the high frequency ultrasonic 3D scanning of skin and other superficial organs, to obtain high frequency ultrasonic 2D image sequence and to realize high frequency ultrasound 3D imaging. Methods The system consisted of a host computer module, a slave computer module and a high frequency ultrasonic 3D probe. Data acquisition was carried out by precision scanning and sampling control. An equal space interval sampling method was designed to improve the quality of two-dimensional ultrasonic images. The high frequency ultrasonic image sequences collected by the system were uploaded to the host computer through USB interface for real-time display and caching, and the collected skin high frequency ultrasonic image sequences were reconstructed with visualization toolkit （VTK）. Results The system could obtain 3D ultrasonic image and section at any angle. The system had its accuracy verified by measuring the results of 3D reconstruction of the ultrasonic phantom. The shape and direction of the subcutaneous vessels could be clearly observed based on the skin body data of the upper arm. Conclusion The system realizes 3D skin data acquisition accurately, and lays an experimental foundation for the clinical diagnosis of skin and other uperficial organs diseases.

关 键 词：高频超声 图像序列 三维重建 VTK 现场可编程门阵列 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R312[医药卫生—基础医学]