一种改进的航天器时变模态参数递推辨识方法  

An Improved Recursive Identification Method for Time-Varying Modal Parameters of Spacecraft

作　　者：倪智宇 刘金国[1] 吴志刚[2] NI Zhi-yu;LIU Jin-guo;WU Zhi-gang(State Key Laboratory of Robotics,Shenyang Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所机器人学国家重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]大连理工大学航空航天学院,大连116024

出　　处：《宇航学报》2018年第10期1097-1106,共10页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575544;51775541);中国博士后科学基金(2016M601354)

摘　　要：针对基于预测器的递推子空间辨识(RPBSID)方法在估计系统的状态变量时计算量较大的问题,提出一种改进的RPBSID方法并应用于航天器的时变模态参数辨识。与原算法相比,改进后的方法在求解状态量时不需要逐个时刻构建相应的Hankel矩阵,而是利用仿射投影算法(APA)实现状态量的递推估计,从而减少了辨识过程中的数据量。在此基础上,利用该状态变量递推得到时变系统的状态空间模型和模态参数。在数值仿真中,建立带有大型挠性附件的卫星动力学模型,分别考虑系统模态参数线性变化、突变和周期改变的情况,利用改进的RPBSID方法对结构的时变频率和阻尼比等参数进行了辨识。理论分析和数值仿真的结果表明这种改进的方法不仅能够有效地辨识系统的时变模态参数,而且与原方法相比具有更高的计算效率。The recursive predictor-based subspace identification（RPBSID） algorithm bears heavy computation burden in estimating the system state variables. In this paper,an improved RPBSID method is presented and applied to identify time-varying modal parameters of the spacecraft. Compared with the original algorithm,it does not need to construct the corresponding Hankel matrix in each time instant for the improved method when solving the state variables. The affine projection algorithm（APA） is used to implement recursive estimation of the state variables,thereby reducing the amounts of data in the identification process. Moreover,the state-space model and corresponding modal parameters of the timevarying system are determined recursively by the identified state variable. In the numerical simulation,the dynamics model of a satellite with large flexible appendages is established. Three cases that may factors the modal parameters to vary with time,such as the linear variation,step change and periodical variation are investigated. The improved RPBSID method is applied to identify the structural time-varying frequency and damping ratio parameters. Compared with the original algorithm,the results of the theory analysis and numerical simulation illustrate that the proposed method not only can effectively identify the system time-varying modal parameters,but also features higher computational efficiency.

关 键 词：模态参数辨识 大型挠性航天器 递推子空间方法 时变系统 仿射投影算法 

分 类 号：N945.14[自然科学总论—系统科学] O324[理学—一般力学与力学基础]