Sonoporation:Gene transfer using ultrasound  

作　　者：Minoru Tomizawa Fuminobu Shinozaki Yasufumi Motoyoshi Takao Sugiyama Shigenori Yamamoto Makoto Sueishi 

机构地区：[1]Department of Gastroenterology,National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital,Yotsukaido City,Chiba 284-0003,Japan [2]Department of Radiology,National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital,Yotsukaido City,Chiba 284-0003,Japan [3]Department of Neurology,National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital,Yotsukaido City,Chiba 284-0003,Japan [4]Department of Rheumatology,National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital,Yotsukaido City,Chiba 284-0003,Japan [5]Department of Pediatrics,National Hospital Organization Shimoshizu Hospital,934-5 Shikawatashi,Yotsukaido City,Chiba 284-0003,Japan

出　　处：《World Journal of Methodology》2013年第4期39-44,共6页世界方法学杂志

摘　　要：Genes can be transferred using viral or non-viral vectors.Non-viral methods that use plasmid DNA and short interference RNA(si RNA)have advantages,such as low immunogenicity and low likelihood of genomic integration in the host,when compared to viral methods.Non-viral methods have potential merit,but their gene transfer efficiency is not satisfactory.Therefore,new methods should be developed.Low-frequency ultrasound irradiation causes mechanical perturbation of the cell membrane,allowing the uptake of large molecules in the vicinity of the cavitation bubbles.The collapse of these bubbles generates small transient holes in the cell membrane and induces transient membrane permeabi-lization.This formation of small pores in the cell membrane using ultrasound allows the transfer of DNA/RNA into the cell.This phenomenon is known as sonoporation and is a gene delivery method that shows great promise as a potential new approach in gene therapy.Microbubbles lower the threshold of cavity formation.Complexes of therapeutic genes and microbubbles improve the transfer efficiency of genes.Diagnostic ultrasound is potentially a suitable sonoporator because it allows the real-time monitoring of irradiated fields.Genes can be transferred using viral or non-viral vec-tors. Non-viral methods that use plasmid DNA and short interference RNA （siRNA） have advantages, such as low immunogenicity and low likelihood of genomic in-tegration in the host, when compared to viral methods. Non-viral methods have potential merit, but their gene transfer efficiency is not satisfactory. Therefore, new methods should be developed. Low-frequency ultra-sound irradiation causes mechanical perturbation of the cell membrane, allowing the uptake of large molecules in the vicinity of the cavitation bubbles. The collapse of these bubbles generates small transient holes in the cell membrane and induces transient membrane permeabi-lization. This formation of small pores in the cell mem-brane using ultrasound allows the transfer of DNA/RNA into the cell. This phenomenon is known as sonopora-tion and is a gene delivery method that shows great promise as a potential new approach in gene therapy. Microbubbles lower the threshold of cavity formation. Complexes of therapeutic genes and microbubbles im-prove the transfer effciency of genes. Diagnostic ultra-sound is potentially a suitable sonoporator because it allows the real-time monitoring of irradiated felds.

关 键 词：Gene therapy CAVITY MICROBUBBLES Con-trast agent DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND 

分 类 号：O1[理学—数学]