中国中小学校医室工作现状  

School-based health centers in primary and middle schools of China

作　　者：崔志胜 刘美岑 卢晓娜[3] 唐立岷[3] 黄明玉 贾宗林[5] 于全勇 胡丹 CUI Zhisheng;LIU Meicen;LU Xiaona;TANG Limin;HUANG Mingyu;JIA Zonglin;YU Quanyong;HU Dan(Medical Department of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266000,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学部,山东266000 [2]北京大学 [3]青岛大学附属医院 [4]青海大学 [5]九江学院 [6]山东莱阳卫校 [7]国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2018年第10期1540-1543,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中国红十字基金会委托项目(2017-111)

摘　　要：目的了解中国中小学校医室人员工作现状,为校医室人员队伍建设和相关政策的制定提供参考依据。方法采用网络问卷(定量)与现场访谈(定性)相结合的调研方式,对中国东、中、西部(共18个县)中小学校的538名校医及保健人员进行调查。结果中国东部地区中小学校医室工作内容以处理突发情况、健康档案管理和传染病防治为主,开展率分别为89.4%,89.4%和85.5%。中、西部均以健康教育(71.3%和58.4%)、处理突发情况(61.8%和40.8%)和健康档案管理(61.2%和53.6%)为主。各项工作在不同地区校医室的开展率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),东部地区明显高于中西部地区。我国中小学校医室人员每周平均工作5.1 d,每天工作时长为8.7 h,不同地区校医室人员工作时间的差异无统计学意义(P值均> 0.05)。中小学校医室人员接受培训内容主要是传染病防治知识、健康教育和急救知识(75.09%,64.31%,56.69%)。结论应改进校医室人员岗位设置模式,完善培训内容和培训方式,对中西部地区校医室设立倾斜政策,加大对校医室卫生人员的重视力度。Objective To provide overall understanding of school-based health centers development in China. Methods By using the method of networking questionnaire（ quantitative） and on-the-spot interview（ qualitative）, 538 staffs from school health centers in east, middle and west of China（ a total of 18 counties） were investigated. Results School-based health centers provide a variety of health care services including emergency events（ 89.4%） and health records management（ 89.4%）, as well as infectious diseases prevention and control（ 85.5%） in general. Health education（ 71.3% and 58.4% for east and western China）,emergent events management（ 61.8% and 40.8% for east and western China）, and health records management（ 61.2% and 53.6%for east and western China） were the most common services provided in schools of eastern and western areas. The implantation rate of each service differed in region（ P〈0.05）, with eastern area significantly higher than the central and western areas. Staffs in school health centers worked approximately 5.1 days per week, with 8.7 hours per day. No significant differences in working hours by areas were found（ P〉0.05）. Conclusion There are critical need for effectively improve staff setting and staff training in school-based health centers. Supporting school health programs to improve the health status of our nation＇s young people has never been more important.

关 键 词：医务人员 组织和管理 学生保健服务 

分 类 号：G637.8[文化科学—教育学]