加工中心用永磁同步电主轴动态特性分析  

Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motorized Spindle for Machining Center

作　　者：于慎波[1] 王程程 YU Shen-bo;WANG Cheng-cheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,沈阳110870

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2018年第11期92-95,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:高精度数控机床永磁同步电主轴转矩脉动和振动噪声削弱方法研究(51175350)

摘　　要：文章主要对加工中心用永磁同步电主轴动态特性进行分析计算,进而提高电主轴在工作状态下的稳定性。以额定功率为22kW的永磁同步电主轴为例,运用加时间因子的传递矩阵方法和双重步QR求解方式结合,计算出转子的临界转速。通过与ANSYS工程软件的计算结果进行对比,加时间因子的传递矩阵方法更为节省时间。永磁同步电主轴在旋转过程当中会产生动态偏心,进而产生不平衡磁拉力。文中提出了考虑不平衡磁拉力的传递矩阵法对电主轴模型进行不平衡响应分析,并计算了转子系统对数衰减率。发现电主轴样机一阶反向涡动的对数衰减率下降趋势明显,稳定性裕度较小,易导致轴系失稳。In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous spindle in the machining center axe analyzed and calculated, and the stability of the spindle in the working state is improved. The rated power of PMSM 22kW is as an example. The critical speeds of the rotor axe calculated by the transfer matrix method. The frequencies axe solved with double step QR by adding time factor. Compared with ANSYS engineering software, the method more saves time. The permanent magnet syn- chronous spindle will produce dynamic eccentricity in the process of rotation, and then produce unbalanced magnetic pull. In this paper, which considers the unbalanced magnetic pulling force use the transfer matrix method to analyze the unbalanced response of the spindle model, and the logarithmic attenuation rate of the rotor system is calculated. It is found that the logarithmic attenuation rate of the first - order reverse vorticity of the motorized spindle is decline obvious, and the stability margin is small, and it is easy to lead to the instability of the shaft system.

关 键 词：临界转速 传递矩阵 QR法 不平衡响应 稳定性 

分 类 号：TH139[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]