针对河流生态需水的年内展布法改进及其应用  

The Improvement and Application of the Dynamic Calculation Method for River Ecological Water Demand

作　　者：范博伟 张泽中 齐青青 FAN Bo-wei;ZHANG Ze-zhong;QI Qing-qing(North China University of Water Conservancy and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,郑州450045

出　　处：《水利科技与经济》2018年第11期1-6,共6页Water Conservancy Science and Technology and Economy

基　　金：华北水利水电大学创新项目:小浪底水利枢纽工程对黄河鲤鱼和北方铜鱼生存状态的影响(2016XB085)

摘　　要：针对年内展布法在季节性河流生态需水量计算中的不足,提出改进的年内展布法;审查径流资料的可靠性,避免极个别情况对整体计算结果的影响;根据径流的季节性变化特点,划分计算时段,更符合实际情况;选取具有95%保证率的月均径流量与多年月均流量的比值定义同期均值比,与原方法相比具有一定的优越性。同时,将改进的年内展布法应用到黄河下游花园口至孙口站。结果表明,改进后的年内展布法能够保证黄河下游最基本的生态需求;与原方法相比,改进后的年内展布法更符合黄河生态需水的丰枯变化规律,对季节性河流的生态评价具有一定的指导意义。In view of the shortcomings of the dynamic calculation method in the calculation of seasonal river ecological water demand, an improved dynamic calculation method was proposed.This paper reviews the reliability of runoff data and avoids the impact of individual situations on the overall calculation results. According to the characteristics of seasonal changes in runoff, dividing the calculation period is more in line with the actual situation; the percent of the average flow in the same period is defined as the ratio of monthly average runoff with 95% guarantee rate to yearly average monthly flow, which has more advantages than original method. At the same time, the improved dynamic calculation method was applied to the Huayuankou and Sunkou stations of the lower Yellow River. The calculation results show that this method can guarantee the most basic ecological demands in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Compared with the original method, the improved dynamic calculation method is more in line with the abundance and variation of the ecological water demand of the Yellow River, which has certain guiding significance for the ecological evaluation of seasonal rivers.

关 键 词：生态需水 年内展布法 黄河下游 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]