基于眼动实验的右转车辆驾驶员注视行为研究  

Drivers' Gaze Behavior for Right Turning Vehicle Based on Eye Movement Experiment

作　　者：李之红[1] 赵莉[2] 许旺土[3] LI Zhihong;ZHAO Li;XU Wangtu(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Transport Infrastructure Construction,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,P.R.China;Branch of Urban Planning,China Academy of Urban Planning and Design,Beijing 100044,P.R.China;Department of Urban Planning,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市基础设施建设北京市工程中心,北京100044 [2]中国城市规划设计研究院城市交通分院,北京100044 [3]厦门大学城市规划系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第12期111-117,共7页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：北京市社科基金项目(15JGC139)

摘　　要：机非混行的特征使交叉口是交通事故多发区域,驾驶员的注视行为研究是指导驾驶员安全右转、减少冲突的重要手段。依托驾驶员倾向性实验,采集了109名驾驶员的问卷数据,将驾驶员分为保守型和激进型两类,并选择6名不同类别的驾驶员进行了实车眼动实验,对不同倾向驾驶员在右转过程中的注视行为进行研究。研究结果表明:保守型驾驶员主要分布于大部分女性和高驾龄人群,激进型驾驶员主要分布于大部分驾龄较短和年龄在30岁左右的人群;机动车右转过程中驾驶员视点路径呈线性分布,保守型驾驶员在右转时注视点密度和注视强度明显高于激进型驾驶员,激进型驾驶员在右转时忽视右侧区域,导致与行人冲突中存在更多的盲区和危险点。研究为解决右转车辆与过街行人冲突的核心问题提供理论基础,训练驾驶人的视觉搜索和危险感知能力,提高驾驶员驾驶技术,减少机动车右转与过街行人交通事故。The characteristics of mixing traffic of vehicle, bicycle and pedestrian make intersections an accident prone area. The study of driver＇s gaze behavior is an important way to guide drivers to turn right safely and reduce conflicts. Based on the psychological test of driving tendency, the questionnaire data of 109 drivers were collected and drivers were classified into radical type and cautious type. Six different types of drivers were selected to carry out eye movement experiment in real car, and the gaze behavior of drivers with different inclinations during right turn was studied. The research results show that： cautious drivers are composed mainly of women and people with higher driving experience, and radical drivers are composed mainly of people with lower driving experience and the ones who are about 30 years old. The driver＇s viewpoint path is linear in the right turn of the motor vehicle. Cautious drivers have higher fixation density and intensity than radical drivers when turning right. Radical drivers neglect the right side of the road when turning right, which results in more blind spots and dangerous spots in the conflict with pedestrians. The study provides a theoretical basis for solving the core issues of the conflict between right turning vehicles and pedestrians, which trains the driver＇s visual search and risk awareness, improves driver＇s driving technology and reduces traffic accidents of right turning vehicles and crossing pedestrians.

关 键 词：交通工程 注视行为 人车冲突 眼动实验 驾驶倾向性 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]