滨海滩涂土地利用变化对土壤生物可利用磷的影响  

Effects of landuse change of coastal tidal flat on the bio-available phosphorus in soils

作　　者：潘国浩 刘洋 付强 高军[3] 赵永强 曹迅 张莹莹 严金龙 PAN Guohao;LIU Yang;FU Qiang;GAO Jun;ZHAO Yongqiang;CAO Xun;ZHANG Yingying;YAN Jinlong(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou,213164,China;Key Laboratory for Ecology and Pollution Control of Coastal Wetlands（Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province）School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yaneheng Institute of Technology,Yaneheng,224051,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,MEP,Nanjing,210042,China;Jiangsu Yaneheng Wetland National Nature Reserve,Rare Birds,Yancheng,224057,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164 [2]盐城工学院环境科学与工程学院江苏省环境保护海涂生态与污染控制重点实验室,盐城224051 [3]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [4]盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区,盐城224057

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第11期2378-2386,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301551);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130426;BK20131219)资助~~

摘　　要：为探明滨海滩涂土地利用变化对土壤生物可利用磷(BAP)的影响,分析了滩涂由原生盐沼湿地转变为农田过程中土壤总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)、有机磷(OP)及部分BAP(速效磷(Olsen-P)、M3提取态有效磷(M3-P)、水溶性磷(WSP)及松散结合磷(Lo-P))含量、分布的变化.结果表明,滩涂由原生盐沼湿地转变为农田后,土壤TP、IP和OP含量均显著升高(分别升高19%、12%、55%),IP/TP显著降低,OP/TP、OP/IP显著升高,OP累积速率明显高于TP和IP.转变为农田后,滩涂土壤BAP含量和赋存比例均显著升高,Olsen-P、M3-P、WSP和Lo-P含量分别提高282%、379%、275%、192%,赋存比例则分别提高205%、267%、217%、142%,BAP提高幅度远高于TP、IP和OP;各BAP与TP、IP、有机碳(TOC)均呈显著正相关,而与盐度(EC)呈显著负相关.研究结果显示,滨海滩涂由原生盐沼湿地转变为农田的土地利用变化将极大提高土壤生物可利用磷水平,其环境影响值得关注.To explore the effects of landuse change of coastal tidal flat on the bio-available phosphorus（ BAP） in soils, total phosphorus（ TP）, inorganic phosphorus（ IP）, organic phosphorus,and several BAPs（ Olsen-P,M3-P,WSP,and Lo-P） were analyzed in the process of transformation from the pristine salt marsh to reclaimed farmlands. Results showed that concentrations of TP,IP and OP in soils increased significantly（ by 19%,12%,and 55%,respectively） aftertransformation from the pristine salt marsh to reclaimed farmlands. The ratio of IP/TP decreased significantly,and the ratios of OP/TP and OP/IP increased significantly,which suggested the cumulative rate of OP was clearly higher than TP and IP in the process of landuse change of tidal flat. The concentrations and ratios of BAPs in tidal flat soils increased significantly after transformation to reclaimed farmlands. The concentrations of Olsen-P,M3-P,WSP,and Lo-P increased by 282%,379%,275%,and 192%,respectively,and the ratios increased by 205%,267%,217%,and 142%,respectively. The increase of BAPs was far higher than TP,IP and OP.BAPs had significantly positive correlations with TP, IP, and organic carbon（ TOC）, and significantly negative correlation with soil salinity. The above results showed that the landuse change of tidal flat from the pristine salt marsh to reclaimed farmlands could raise greatly the BAP levels in soils,and the environmental consequences of which were worthy of attention.

关 键 词：滨海滩涂 土地利用变化 生物可利用磷 围垦 盐城 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]