相对严格责任视角下环境犯罪主观罪过探析  

On the Perfection of Subjective Crimes of Environmental Crime from the Perspective of Relative Strict Liability

作　　者：于阳 王彦博 Yu Yang;Wang Yanbo

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072 [2]山东省烟台市莱山区人民法院,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《行政与法》2018年第11期94-101,共8页Administration and Law

基　　金：2016年度国家社会科学基金重大项目"我国刑法修正的理论模型与制度实践研究"之第四子课题"刑法修正视野下的刑法改革与制度实践研究"的阶段性成果;项目编号:16ZDA061;2017年度天津大学自主创新基金一般项目"刑事政策视域下环境犯罪刑事制裁模式研究"的阶段性研究成果;项目编号:2017XSC-0200

摘　　要：污染环境类犯罪由于犯罪的危害后果并非即时产生,且行为人主观上往往不具有污染环境的直接故意,由此导致当危害结果逾期产生后再去查明行为人的主观罪过难度加大。为了规避环境犯罪主观罪过的证明责任,英美刑法普遍采用无过失责任。本文通过对引入相对严格责任制度的必要性与可行性进行分析后认为,我国环境刑法应在宽严相济刑事政策指引下引入相对严格责任制度,但对其司法适用应作必要限制。When talking about the environmental cr ime,especially i environmental pollution crimes,the harmful consequences of this kind of crimes are not immediate in most environmental crimes and the feason don＇t have intention usually.Therefore,when harm results generated overdue,to identify the perpetrator＇s subjective fault become difficult to prove.The Anglo American criminal law generally adopted no fault liability approach.In practice,no fault liability mainly refers to the strict liability.Strict liability includes the difference of absolute and relative.After analyzing the necessity,rationality and feasibility of relative strict liability system,this paper concludes that relative strict liability system should be introduced into China environmental criminal law amid criminal policy of temper justice with mercy,but necessary restrictions should be applied to specific cases.

关 键 词：环境犯罪 主观罪过 无过失责任 相对严格责任 宽严相济刑事政策 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]