脆弱生态约束下的典型喀斯特区域建设用地适宜性评价——以贵州省平塘县为例  

Land Suitability Evaluation for Urban Construction in Typical Karst Areas under Ecotone Restraint:A Case Study in Pingtang County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：杨家芳 赵卫权 周文龙 李威 YANG Jiafang;ZHAO Weiquan;ZHOU Wenlong;LI Wei(Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources,Guiyang Guizhou 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地资源研究所,贵阳550001

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期124-131,F0002,F0003,共10页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：贵州科学院青年基金(No.黔科院J合字[2016]8号);贵州科学院省级科研专项资金(No.黔科院科专合字[2017]03号);贵州省科学院创新人才团队基金

摘　　要：【目的】以贵州省平塘县为例,科学合理地评价脆弱生态约束下的典型喀斯特区域城乡建设用地的适宜性。【方法】采用层次分析法确定评价因子权重,基于GIS空间分析技术,从定性和定量两方面分析判别各评价单元作为建设用地的适宜性。【结果】1)全县适宜建设用地和不适宜建设用地面积分别占区域总面积的37.82%和62.18%。其中,高等适宜建设用地、中等适宜建设用地和低等适宜建设用地分别占县域总面积的2.04%、20.98%和14.80%;2)在空间分布上,各等级的分布与区域地形地貌密切相关,适宜建设用地主要分布在地貌类型为低山河谷坝地的东南部和地貌类型为中山台地的西北部。3)适宜建设用地中,平舟镇、牙周镇和者密镇适宜建设用地面积较大,可为合理确定当前平塘县城镇扩展方向提供科学依据。4)刚性因子是限制平塘县不适宜建设用地的主要因素,刚性因子限制的不适宜建设用地占不适宜建设用地面积的62.52%;弹性因子限制的不适宜建设用地占不适宜建设用地面积的37.48%。此外,县域内已有1 576.92hm2的建设用地面积被评为不适宜建设用地,占总建设用地面积的32.39%;说明此部分建设用地存在生态安全风险。【结论】研究结果为合理选择和布局生态约束下的典型喀斯特区域城乡建设用地提供依据,有效避免无序盲目建设导致的区域生态安全风险。[Purposes]It aims to scientific and rational select land for urban and rural construction in typical karst areas,Pingtang county of Guizhou province under ecological restraint.[Methods]Using the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）to determine the evaluation factor weight,analyzing from qualitative and quantitive aspects based on GIS spatial analysis,evaluates each evaluation unit as a suitable level of construction land.[Findings]1）The percentages of the suitable and non-suitable for construction area account for37.82% and 62.18% respectively.In suitable land,advanced,moderate and lower land for construction account for 2.04%,20.98%,and 38.29%respectively.2）The spatial distribution of each evaluation grade are positively correlated with regional topography and landform.Suitable land is mainly distributed in the southeast and northwest,which geomorphic types are low mountain valleys and platform.3）The suitable construction land is mainly in Pingzhou town,Yazhou town,and Zhemi town,which can provide the basis reasonable determination of the extension direction of Pingtang county.4）In non-suitable construction land,the rigid factor limitation is the main source which account for 62.52% respectively,while the elasticity factor takes about 37.48%.Additionally,there＇s 1 576.91 hm^2 of constructive land is evaluated as non-suitable for construction,accounting for 32.39%of the total construction land,which indicates these constructive land existing ecological security risk.[Conclusions]The present study can provide the basis for the reasonable selection of urban and rural development land,which effectively avoids the regional ecological security risks caused by disorderly and blind construction.

关 键 词：典型喀斯特区域 城镇建设用地 适宜性评价 平塘县 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]