复合型饲料添加剂对奶牛氮、磷利用及排泄的影响  

Effects of compound feed additives on utilization,excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in dairy cows

作　　者：张伟[1] 张爱忠[1] 姜宁[1] 张仲卿 ZHANG Wei;ZHANG Aizhong;JIANG Ning;ZHANG Zhongqing(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018年第21期145-148,153,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD21B01-1);黑龙江省农垦总局“十三五”科技攻关项目(HNK135-04-03)

摘　　要：为了探究尿素缓释剂、过瘤胃蛋氨酸、大蒜素复合型饲料添加剂对奶牛氮和磷消化利用的影响,试验选择24头身体健康且体况相近的泌乳中后期中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,即对照组（不添加复合型饲料添加剂）、A组（复合型饲料添加剂添加量为0. 20%）、B组（复合型饲料添加剂添加量为0. 41%）、C组（复合型饲料添加剂添加量为0. 82%）,每组6个重复,正试期为30 d,分别测定奶牛干物质、氮和磷表观消化率,粪干物质中氮和磷排泄率,血清总蛋白、尿素氮、磷含量。结果表明：饲喂第30天时A、B、C组的干物质消化率,氮、磷消化率高于对照组,而氮、磷排泄率均低于对照组;第30天时试验组血清中总蛋白、尿素氮、磷含量均高于对照组。说明该复合型饲料添加剂能有效提高奶牛对饲料中氮、磷的利用率,减少氮、磷随粪便的排出量,减少排泄污染的可能。The purpose of the p experiresent study was to investigate the effects of slow-release urea,rumen protected methionine and allicin compound feed additives on the digestibility and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein dairy cows with same parity,in middle and late lactation were randomly divided into 4 groups： control group（no compound feed additive）,group A（0. 20% compound feed additive）,group B（0. 41% compound feed additive）,group C（0. 82% compound feed additive））. There were 6 replicates in each group,and the duration of the trial was 30 days. The apparent digestibility of dry matter,nitrogen and phosphorus,the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in fecal dry matter,and the contents of total protein,urea nitrogen and phosphorus in serum were measured. The results showed that dry matter digestibility,digestibility of nitrogen and phosphorus of group A,B and C were higher than that of control group,while excretion rate of nitrogen and phosphorus were lower than that of control group. On the 30 th day,the contents of serum total protein,urea nitrogen and phosphorus in the test group were higher than those in the control group. The experiment proved that the compound feed additive could effectively improve the utilization ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in feed,reduce the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus with feces,and reduce the possibility of excretion pollution.

关 键 词：尿素缓释剂 饲料添加剂 过瘤胃蛋氨酸 大蒜素 奶牛 表观消化率 氮磷排泄 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]