重金属污染土壤的植物修复研究 Ⅲ.金属富集植物Brassica juncea对锌镉的吸收和积累  

STUDY ON PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTED SOILSⅢ. CADMIUM AND ZINC UPTAKE AND ACCUMULATION BY INDIAN MUSTARD(BRASSICA JUNCEA)

作　　者：蒋先军[1] 骆永明[1] 赵其国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2002年第5期664-670,共7页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省青年科技基金 (BQ980 50);国家自然科学基金 (4 983 1 0 70;40 1 2 5 0 0 5和 49831042);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G1 9990 1 1 80 7) ;中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与环境联合开放研究实验室基金项目资助

摘　　要：采用温室盆栽试验研究了印度芥菜对土壤中锌镉污染的忍耐、积累能力 ,以检验这种植物修复Zn、Cd污染土壤的可能性及其潜力。在加入Zn 5 0 0和 1 0 0 0mgkg- 1 的土壤中 ,印度芥菜生长 66天后 ,叶片中积累Zn的平均浓度分别达 2 80和 662mgkg- 1 ,地上部带走的Zn分别为每盆 2 1 95和 341 2 μg。在加入Cd 2 0 0mgkg- 1 的土壤中生长的印度芥菜 ,叶片中积累Cd浓度为 1 61mgkg- 1 ,地上部带走的Cd为每盆 381 μg。和普通植物相比 ,印度芥菜更能将Zn和Cd从根运输到地上部。Zn 5 0 0mgkg- 1 处理的土壤在种植印度芥菜后其NH4NO3提取的Zn显著高于不种植物的处理 ;土壤添加Cd 2 0 0mgkg- 1 的处理NH4NO3提取的Cd也显著高于不种植物的处理 ,可能的原因是植物根分泌出特殊的分泌物 ,专一性地螯合溶解根系附近的难溶态Zn和Cd,从而提高土壤溶液中的浓度。印度芥菜对Zn、Cd有较强的忍耐和富集能力 ,是Zn、Cd污染土壤修复有潜力的植物。A pot experiment with Indian Mustard ( Brassica juncea ) growing on s oils spiked with Zn and Cd was conducted to study metal tolerance and accumulati on by B. juncea , and its potential for phytoremediation. Average Zn concentr ation in the leaves were 280 and 662 mg kg -1 respectively for 66 days' gro wing in the soil spiked with 500 and 1 000 mg kg -1 Zn, Zn removed by plant shoots were 2 195 and 3 412 μg pot -1 , respectively. Average Cd concentra tion in the leaves was 161 mg kg -1 in the soil spiked with 200 mg kg -1 Cd, and Cd removed by the shoots was 381 μg pot -1 . B. juncea showe d a higher ability in translocating Zn and Cd from roots to shoots compared to o rdinary crops. NH 4NO 3 extractable Zn and Cd increased after the growth of B. juncea compared with blank (without plants). Those results can not be fully explained by the natural equilibrium between solid and solution phase. The root exudates possibly involved in incrasing metal solubilisation. It can be conclud ed that Brassica juncea appeared to be a moderate Zn and Cd accumulator making it suitable for phytoremediation of zinc and cadmium cont aminated soil.

关 键 词：重金属污染土壤 植物修复 金属富集植物 BRASSICA JUNCEA 锌 镉 吸收 积累 印度芥菜 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173