无溶剂法合成蔗糖硬脂酸酯的工艺研究  

Process of Sucrose Ester Synthesized by No-solvent Method

作　　者：章亚东[1] 蒋登高[1] 刘诗飞[1] 高晓蕾[1] 王自健[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2002年第5期67-71,共5页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省自然科学基础研究资助项目 ( 994 0 32 80 0 )

摘　　要：以乙醇代替有毒的甲醇与硬脂酸在酸催化下进行反应制出了硬脂酸乙酯。以硬脂酸乙酯与蔗糖为原料在催化剂和乳化剂的作用下 ,进行酯交换反应合成出蔗糖硬脂酸酯 ,本文详细考察了该合成反应过程中乳化剂、催化剂用量 ,反应温度 ,原料配比 ,反应时间等因素对蔗糖硬脂酸酯产率的影响 ,得出了较佳合成工艺条件 ,即硬脂酸乙酯∶蔗糖摩尔比为 2 .5∶1 ,乳化剂与蔗糖质量比为 0 .1∶1 ,催化剂与反应物料质量比为 0 .1 4∶1 ,反应温度 1 2 0℃ ,压力4 .35kPa ,时间 3 .5h ,蔗糖酯产率约 75 .2 %。此外 ,还把蔗糖硬脂酸酯制成易挥发衍生物 ,建立了分析其组成的气相色谱方法。Sucrose esters(SE) are a new type of non ionic surfactant which possesses high emulsifying ,softening, detergent, low foaming power and irritating properties, etc. In the presence of an acid catalyst, stearic acid ethyl ester has been synthesized by reaction with stearic acid and ethano1 absolute.Sucrose ester is prepared by transesterification from the stearic acid ethyl ester and sucrose in the presence of catalyst and emulsifier. The influence of many factors on the synthesis process , such as, amount of emulsifier,reaction temperature,ratio of raw materials,reaction time,and amount of catalyst has been studied. The optimal process condition of synthetic reaction has been obtained,that is , molecule ratio of stearic acid ethyl ester to sucrose is about 2.5～3∶1, mass ratio of catalyst to sucrose is about 0.1∶1, mass ratio of emulsifier to total of reaction material is about 0.14∶1, reaction temperature 120 ℃, pressure 4.35 kPa, time 3.5 h. The yield of Sucrose ester calculated by the amount of sucrose is about 75.2%. In addition, gas chromatogram analysis method of SE has also been established.

关 键 词：无溶剂法 合成 蔗糖 硬脂酸酯 工艺研究 蔗糖酯 非离子表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.2[化学工程]