快速诊断幽门螺杆菌感染的研究  

Research on Rapid Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection

作　　者：严英[1] 钱利生[1] 王文风[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学医学院微生物学教研室,上海200032

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2002年第5期410-413,共4页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的　比较几种诊断幽门螺杆菌 (H .pylori)感染的快速检测方法 ,并探讨其临床应用价值。 方法　131份胃黏膜活检标本 ,依次应用快速尿素酶试验、直接涂片镜检、聚合酶链反应 (PCR)扩增ureA基因片段等 4种方法检测H .pylori。用配对资料的 χ2 检验对各方法的检出阳性率进行两两比较。结果　 4种方法的检出阳性率分别为 :快速尿素酶试验 76 .6 % ,分离培养 71% ,直接涂片 4 8.1% ,PCR 78.5 %。相关 χ2 检验结果表明PCR的阳性率高于分离培养 ,但其与尿素酶试验无差别。结论　PCR的敏感性和特异性均高于其他检测方法 ;可作为H .pylori感染的可靠分子诊断方法 :快速尿素酶试验虽特异性较差 ,但其具有简便和敏感的特点 ,仍可作为常规检查H .pylori感染的初筛试验 ;直接涂片染色阳性率过低 ,一般不适合单独作为H .Purpose. To compare the rapid diagnosing methods for the detection of helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and probe into their clinical value. Methods. 131 human gastric biopsy samples were detected orderly by rapid urease test, bacterial culture, direct staining technique and ureA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive rate was compared with ξ2 test. Results. The positive rate is 76.6% for rapid urease test, 71% for bacterial culture, 48.1% for direct staining and 78.5% for PCR. According to the ξ 2 test, the positive rate of PCR is higher than that of culturing, but there is no difference of positive rate between PCR and rapid urease test. Conclusions. PCR is the most sensitive and specific method among these four detecting methods, and could be used as a reliable molecular diagnosis method to detect H. pylori infection; rapid urease test has lower specificity but with higher sensitivity as well as simple and convenient, which could be a primary screen test of the routine examination for detecting H. pylori as used to; and there is a too low positive rate of direct staining technique to be a clinical diagnosis method alone.

关 键 词：幽门螺杆菌 快速尿素酶试验 聚合酶链反应 感染 诊断 

分 类 号：R57[医药卫生—消化系统]