中国省际资源环境成本及生态负荷强度的时空演变分析  

Temporal and Spatial Change of Resource and Environmental Costs,the Ecological Load Intensity at Provincial Scale in China

作　　者：郑德凤[1] 臧正[1] 赵良仕[1] 孙才志[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《地理科学》2014年第6期672-680,共9页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BJY063);辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L13BJL019);辽宁省经济社会发展课题(2014lslk-tzixxjx-06)资助

摘　　要：为了科学地评价区域生态系统对经济与社会发展的服务支撑能力,引入生态系统服务理论等构建资源环境成本及绿色GDP核算、生态负荷强度模型,计算出中国31个省区2001~2012年的资源环境成本、生态负荷强度,在此基础上利用探索性空间数据分析方法对2001年以来中国省区的生态负荷强度随时间演变的趋势及其空间分布特征进行分析和探讨(港澳台除外)。结果表明,在研究时段内中国省区的资源环境成本由16.83×1012元攀升到25.24×1012元(2001年可比价),生态负荷强度由1.55下降到0.45;中国生态负荷强度呈西北、东部沿海地区集聚的空间分布特征,其中西北为高-高、东部沿海为低-低集聚区;这种西、东集聚现象的显著性在研究时段内逐渐减弱,空间负相关区域增加到11个、具有持续扩张的趋势,区域生态效益或经济效益持续向周边溢出。With the fast development of the national economy, the ecological pressures caused by economic development are continuously increasing. So it is necessary to make quantitative analysis for the status of China's resource consumption in the course of economic development. In order to scientifically evaluate the service and support capacity provided by regional ecosystem for economic and social development, the theory of ecosystem services was introduced to evaluate quantitatively resource consumption and the green GDP. Based on above-calculated values, the model of the ecological load intensity was established. In this article, taking 31provincial districts in China as the samples(Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan excluding), the values of resource consumption and environmental loss costs for all provincial districts were firstly calculated by using ecosystem service values according to the interrelated data from 2001 to 2012. The green GDP for all provincial districts was further gained by combining the annual values of GDP. Moreover, the ecological load intensity for all provincial districts from 2001 to 2012 was computed in China. On the basis of above-mentioned issues, the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis combined with GIS was used to study the temporal changing tendency and the spatial distributing characteristics of the ecological load intensity for all provincial districts since 2001. Furthermore, the spatial cluster and difference was analyzed and the corresponding influence factors were discussed.The above results showed that the values of resource consumption and environmental loss costs for all provincial districts were increasing yearly from $16.83×1012in 2001 to $25.24×1012in 2012. Meanwhile, the ecological load intensity for all provincial districts was decreasing yearly from 1.551 to 0.446. From 2001 to 2012the ecological load intensity existed some spatial cluster and difference, however, the spatial cluster was appearing a weakening tendency with the time. The distribution of the ecological load intens

关 键 词：资源经济 环境成本 生态系统服务 生态负荷强度 中国 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]