对多元分配的反思及超越——从马克思主义视角审视沃尔泽的分配正义理论  

The Introspection and Transcendence on Pluralist Distribution——Evaluating Walzer's Theory of Distributive Justice from the Perspective of Marxism

作　　者：陈怡梦[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2017年第1期71-79,共9页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

摘　　要：分配正义关涉到如何在资源有限的情况下对社会物品进行合理分配,这是正义理论研究中的重点。不同立场的思想家对如何实现分配正义有不同解释。社群主义的正义理论是在批判自由主义正义理论的过程中发展起来的,其中,沃尔泽提倡多元主义的分配正义理论,以物品的社会意义为依据,以自由交换、应得和需要为原则,力图通过多元分配建构起复合平等的正义体系。马克思的正义理论超越了沃尔泽分配正义理论的研究方法和阶级立场的局限,采用历史主义的方法论,坚持社会和个体的有机统一,从物质生产关系入手,全面考察了资本主义经济运行的整个环节,最终揭示了资本主义制度的非正义性。As the focus of justice theory,distributive justice is about how to reasonably distribute social goods when resources are limited,different scholars have different opinions on realizing distributive justice from their standpoints.The justice theory of communitarianism is developing through criticizing liberal justice theory,among them, Walzer advocates pluralist distributive justice theory,which is based on the social meaning of goods,and its principles are free exchange,deserving and needs, Walzer wants to build a complex equality society through his pluralist distributive justice system.Marx's justice theory has surpassed Walzer's distributive justice theory in research method and class stand.Starting from materialist relations of production,Marx adopts historicism,combines society and individual together,he has an overall research on capitalist economic operation,finally,he exposes the injustice of capitalist system.

关 键 词：正义理论 共同体 多元分配 马克思主义 历史主义 

分 类 号：B712[哲学宗教—外国哲学]