螺旋藻粉替代饲料中鱼粉对异育银鲫幼鱼生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIETARY FISHMEAL REPLACEMENT WITH SPIRULINA PLATENSIS POWDER ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, FEED UTILIZATION AND PROTEIN DEPOSITION IN JUVENILE GIBEL CARP(CARASSIS AURATUS GIBELIO VAR. CAS )

作　　者：曹申平[1,2] 韩冬[1,3,4] 解绶启[1] 金俊琰[1] 刘昊昆 杨云霞[1] 朱晓鸣[1] CAO Shen-Ping;HAN Dong;XIE Shou-Qi;JIN Jun-Yan;LIU Hao-Kun;YANG Yun-Xia;ZHU Xiao-Ming(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan430072, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430070 [4]湖州师范学院,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院水生动物繁育与营养重点实验室,湖州313000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2016年第4期647-654,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303053、201203015、201203083);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-46-19)资助~~

摘　　要：实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲料,每处理3个重复。采用室内循环水养殖系统,表观饱食投喂。实验水温为(28±3)℃,实验共持续60d。结果发现:随藻粉替代比例的增加,鱼摄食率显著上升;饲料效率则呈显著下降趋势;特定生长率在20%替代组与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);蛋白沉积率在20%、60%替代时与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他替代组显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);肥满度在各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白随藻粉替代比例的增加呈现先持平后降低的趋势,鱼体脂肪则呈先降低后升高的变化;20%、40%和60%替代组全鱼灰分均高于全鱼粉组;肠道消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶)在替代组和对照组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);干物质表观消化率随藻粉蛋白替代比例的增加而呈显著上升,蛋白的表观消化率则呈显著下降趋势,总磷表观消化率在20%替代时最低,在100%替代时最高。综合特定生长率和蛋白沉积率情况,当鲫幼鱼饲料中鱼粉含量约为50%,且鱼粉为唯一蛋白源时,螺旋藻粉蛋白可替代饲料中20%鱼粉蛋白。To investigate effects of dietary replacement fishmeal protein with Spirulina platensis powder protein onfeed intake, growth performance, feed utilization and protein deposition in juvenile gibel carp (Carassis auratus gibeliovar. CAS Ⅲ), six isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergitic diets were formulated to contain graded levels of fishmealprotein replacement by Spirulina platensis. (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% respectively) for a 60-day trial.Triplicates of 20 fish [initial body weight of (3.2±0.5) g] were fed to apparent satiation with six experiment diets. Thewater temperature was (28±3)℃ during the experiment. With the increased proportion of Spirulina platensis in diets,feeding rate (FR) was significantly elevated while feed efficiency (FE) was significantly decreased. There was no significantdifference in specific growth rate (SGR) between fishmeal group (FM) and 20% of Spirulina platensis replacement(SP20) (P>0.05), of which was significantly higher in fishmeal group than other groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, nosignificant differences were found in protein retention efficiency (PRE) between FM, SP20, SP60 (P>0.05), whileother groups were significantly lower than that of the FM group (P<0.05). The condition factor (CF) of FM group wassignificantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). The carcass protein of SP100 group was significantly lower than othergroup (P<0.05). A trend was observed in carcass fat, which the content of fat decreased from FM to SP40 group thenincreased from SP40 to SP100. The carcass ash of fish was significantly higher in SP20, SP40, SP60 than FM group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference among all treatments in intestinal digestive enzyme (trypsin, lipase, α-amylase) (P>0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter significantly increased, while apparent digestibilitycoefficients of crude protein significantly decreased with the increased content of Spirulina platensis (P<0.05). Thelowest apparent digestibility coefficient of total phosphorus was at SP20, and

关 键 词：异育银鲫 螺旋藻 鱼粉 蛋白替代 水产饲料 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]