口腔医务人员职业暴露分析  

Occupational exposure among medical staff of stomatological department

作　　者：尹雯娟[1] 邱钧琦[1] 侯雅蓉[1] 朱曼群[1] 汪洁[1] 叶慧铭[1] YIN Wen-juan;QIU Jun-qi;HOU Ya-rong;ZHU Man-qun;WANG Jie;YE Hui-ming(Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital & the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China)

机构地区：[1]广东省口腔医院.南方医科大学附属口腔医院,广东广州510280

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2016年第8期495-497,共3页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2014107)

摘　　要：目的了解口腔医务人员职业暴露的状况,分析其发生的危险因素并探讨防范措施,为降低职业暴露的风险提供参考。方法回顾2013年1月—2015年12月44例口腔医务人员发生职业暴露的登记数据,对其职业、暴露源、暴露种类、暴露环节等进行分析。结果 44例职业暴露者以医生和护士为主,分别占54.5%和34.1%;其中发生锐器伤39例,黏膜暴露3例;暴露环节前两位是诊疗后整理器械或清洗器械、操作或手术时锐器刺伤,分别为19例(占43.2%)、15例(34.1%);所有职业暴露者均及时进行妥当处理,随访暂未发现因职业暴露而导致医务人员感染。结论医生护士在诊疗中使用器械及诊疗后处理器械是发生职业暴露的高危环节。Objective To investigate the occupational exposure and its risk fatctors among the medical staff of stoma-tological department and, in order to improve the occupational protection and reduce the risk for occupational exposure.Methods The occupational exposures that occurred in 44 medical staff from Jan 2013 to Dec 2015 were investigated,and the occupation, exposure sources, types of exposures, exposure link were analyzed. Results Among the 44 medical staff of oral department with occupational exposure, doctors accounted for 54.5%, nurses 34.1%. There were 39 medical staff with sharps injuries and 3 medical staff with mucous membrane exposure. The major expose reason is cleaning medical instruments or equipment at the end of medical treatment, accounting for 43.2%(19 cases). Needle stick injures in operation is the second major reason, accounting for 34.1%(15 cases). All the subjects with occupational exposures have received appropriate treatment, and the follow-up showed that none of the medical staff were infected due to the occupational exposure. Conclusion The major expose reason is cleaning medical instruments or equipment at the end of medical treatment. It is crucial to intensify the training of medical staff of stomatological department in the knowledge of occupational exposure, implement the standard of preventive measures, and standarize the operation procedures so as to reduce the risk of occupational exposure.

关 键 词：口腔医务人员 职业暴露 危险因素 乙肝病毒 人类免疫缺陷病毒 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]