不同浓度藻类水华对两种沉水植物的影响  

The effects of different concentrations of algal blooms on the two submerged macrophytes

作　　者：代亮亮[1,2] 郭亮亮[1,2] 吴中奎[1] 周维成[1,2] 李根保[1] DAI Liang-liang;GUO Liang-liang;WU Zhong-kui;ZHOU Wei-cheng;LI Gen-bao(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第9期2765-2773,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：水专项(2013ZX0712-005);国家自然基金(31370472);FEBL项目(2016FBZ07)

摘　　要：为了研究藻类水华对沉水植被恢复的影响,通过模拟不同浓度的藻类水华,开展了篦齿眼子菜(Potamogeton pectinatus)和伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)在不同浓度藻类水华下(0,6.25×10~8,2.5×10~9,10^(10)cell/L)的生长和生理试验.结果表明,低浓度(6.25×10~8cell/L)处理组中伊乐藻的干重显著低于对照组,而藻浓度达到10^(10)cell/L时,篦齿眼子菜的干重才显著低于对照组.与其它处理组相比,在藻浓度为10^(10)cell/L的情况下,篦齿眼子菜的株高最矮,而伊乐藻的株高最高.叶绿素荧光特性表明藻浓度为10^(10)cell/L的情况下,篦齿眼子菜的光合活性从0.77降低至0.50,而伊乐藻的光合活性无显著性变化,在0.72~0.79之间波动.沉水植物的抗氧化酶活性在藻类水华胁迫环境下先增加后降低.这表明,藻类水华对水生植物的生长影响有差异性;水体中过高的藻浓度会影响植物的抗性生理.沉水植物能忍耐短期低浓度的藻类水华胁迫,但是长期高浓度的藻类水华会严重影响沉水植物的生长,进而影响水生植被的恢复.In order to examine the effects of the amount of algal blooms on the restoration of submerged vegetations, wecarried out the simulated experiments to study the growth and physiological responses of Potamogeton pectinatus andElodea nuttallii to different concentrations (0, 6.25×108, 2.5×109, 1010cell/L) of algal blooms. The results showed that thedry weight of E. nuttallii at the low concentration (6.25×108cell/L) of algal blooms was less than that of the control group,whereas the dry weight of P. pectinatus was not less than that of control group until the concentration of algal bloomsreaches 1010cell/L. Compared with other treatments, the height of P. pectinatus was the shortest, while the height of E.nuttallii was the highest at the high concentration (1010cell/L) of algal blooms. It was showed that the photosyntheticactivity of P. pectinatus decreased from 0.77 to 0.50 at the high concentration (1010cell/L) of algal blooms. However, thechange of photosynthetic activity of E. nuttallii was not significant, ranging from 0.72 to 0.79. The antioxidant enzymesactivity of submerged macrophytes decreased with increasing amount of algal blooms. These studies suggest that theeffect of algal blooms on the growth of aquatic plants is dose-dependent. Although submerged plants can tolerateshort-term stress of low concentrations of algal blooms, the high concentrations of algal blooms affect the resistancephysiology of submerged macrophytes. The high concentrations of algal blooms greatly affect the growth of submergedplants over a long time, thereby affecting the restoration of submerged vegetations.

关 键 词：藻类水华 沉水植物 生长 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]