锡林河流域草原植物群落分类及其多样性分析  

Grassland Plant Communities Classification and Diversity Analysis in the Xilin River Basin

作　　者：席小康[1] 朱仲元[1] 郝祥云[1] XI Xiaokang;ZHU Zhongyuan;HAO Xiangyun(The College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第8期1320-1326,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51269014;51669018);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2013MS0607)

摘　　要：研究锡林河流域草原群落的分类和群落多样性分布特征,可为寒旱区草原的合理利用和保护提供重要依据。基于流域植物群落的样方调查与TWINSPAN分类,得出锡林河流域主要植物群落类型以及影响群落类型和多样性变化的环境因子。结果表明,(1)锡林河流域草原可划分为5个群落类型,分别为大针茅Stipa grandis+羊草Leymus chinensis+黄囊苔草Carex korshinskyi群丛、羊草+大针茅+糙隐子草Cleistogenes squarrosa群丛、羊草+黄囊苔草+灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum群丛、羊草+糙隐子草+灰绿藜群丛、糙隐子草+灰绿藜+猪毛菜Salsola collina群丛。(2)不同群落α多样性3种指数具有一致的变化趋势,而土壤类型、水分状况以及人类活动强度的差异导致了群落多样性的不同。(3)不同群落类型之间物种组成与更替速率不尽相同。从相异性指数来看,大针茅+羊草+黄囊苔草群落与羊草+黄囊苔草+灰绿藜群落之间共有种最多,物种组成差异性最低,相似性最高,群落间变异程度最小;在羊草+大针茅+糙隐子草群落与羊草+黄囊苔草+灰绿藜群落之间共有种最少,物种组成差异性最大,相似性最低,群落间变异程度最大。从Cody指数来看,羊草+大针茅+糙隐子草群落与羊草+糙隐子草+灰绿藜群落物种的更替速率最慢,而羊草+大针茅+糙隐子草群落与羊草+黄囊苔草+灰绿藜群落的更替速率最快。The research on the classification of plant communities and diversity distribution characteristics in the Xilin River Basin,can provide important basis for Cold and arid regions of the grassland rational use and protection. Based on the basin of plantcommunity field investigation and classified the plant communities by two-way indicators species analysis (TWINSPAN). it isconcluded that the main types of plant communities and environmental factors that result in the change of the type and diversity. Theresults show that: (1) Grassland can be divided into five community types, is Stipa grandis+Leymus chinensis+Carex korshinskyicommunity, Leymus chinensis+Stipa grandis+Cleistogenes squarrosa community, Leymus chinensis+Carex korshinskyi+Chenopodiumglaucum community, Leymus chinensis+Cleistogenes squarrosa+Chenopodium glaucum community, Cleistogenes squarrosa+Chenopodium glaucum+Salsola collina community. (2) Three different communities of alpha diversity index with a consistent trendand soil type, water status, and the differences of the intensity of human activities lead to the different community diversity. And (3)between different types of community species composition and turnover rate is not the same, from Dissimilarity index, Stipagrandis+Leymus chinensis+Carex korshinskyi community and Leymus chinensis+Carex korshinskyi+Chenopodium glaucumcommunity species composition difference between the lowest and the highest similarity, the most common kind of, minimal levelvariation among communities; In the Leymus chinensis +Stipa grandis+Cleistogenes squarrosa community and Leymuschinensis+Carex korshinskyi+Chenopodium glaucum community species composition difference between maximum and minimumsimilarity, a total of at least, degree of variation between community is the largest. From Cody index, Leymus chinensis+Stipagrandis+Cleistogenes squarrosa community and Leymus chinensis+Cleistogenes squarrosa+Chenopodium glaucum communityspecies turnover rate of the slowest, and Leymus chinensis+Stipa grandis+Cleistogenes squa

关 键 词：双指示种分析 物种多样性 植物群落 锡林河流域 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]