车用质子交换膜燃料电池系统-10℃低温启动实验研究  

Experimental investigation on-10 ℃ start performance of a PEM fuel cell power system for automotive application

作　　者：陈沛[1] 陈雪松[1] CHEN Pei;CHEN Xuesong(Advanced Technology & Research, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation MOTOR Corporation Limited, Shanghai 201804, China)

机构地区：[1]上海汽车集团股份有限公司前瞻技术研究部

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2016年第4期427-432,共6页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家"十二五"新能源汽车产业技术创新工程项目

摘　　要：针对一款车用36 kW的质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)系统,进行了无外热源加热情况下-10℃环境舱冷启动实验研究。基于现有的系统架构、理论计算得到的电堆热量平衡,制定冷启动试验步骤,通过试验实现了燃料电池系统-10℃低温启动运行,验证了系统设计的有效性。通过分析-10℃启动运行过程中系统的输出特性和主要物理量随时间的变化情况,对系统结构和运行过程设计做了分析说明。本文不但分析了堆内单池的一致性,也考察了主要辅助系统零部件的冷启动试验中的可靠性。主要结论是:冷启动过程时的低温不但影响电堆冷启动的成功与否,也会对电堆的性能产生直接的影响。An experimental study was carried out to investigate the cold start process of a 36 kW polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell system for automotive application in a climate chamber under -10 ℃.Based on the current system and test bench configuration, the time and energy required by the fuel cell system was calculated and the reasonable test procedures and control strategies were designed. The systemdesign was validated by a successful -10 ℃ cold start. The system structure and operation process were specified through the analysis of the system output characteristics over the start-up processes. The nonuniformdistribution of the individual cell voltage in the stack and the main components of auxiliary system were analyzed. The results show that the low temperature during the sub-zero start-up not only affects if the subzerostart-up process completes, but also have a direct impact on the stack performance. It is the key effective method to heat up the stack rapidly during the sub-zero start-up process.

关 键 词：汽车动力 燃料电池系统 车用质子交换膜燃料电池 低温启动 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]