城市酸露对马缨丹的生态效应研究  

Ecological Effect of Urban Acid Dew on the Landscape Plant Lantana camara

作　　者：叶有华[1,2] 周凯[2,3] 彭少麟[2] YE Youhua;ZHOU Kai;PENG Shaolin(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology//Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science,Shenzhen 518001, China;State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol//Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China)

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护饮用水水源地管理技术重点实验室//深圳市环境科学研究院,广东深圳518001 [2]中山大学//有害生物控制及资源利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510275 [3]河南科技学院园林学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第10期1591-1598,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502800);国家自然科学基金项目(30670385);广东省特聘教授(珠江学者)基金项目;深圳市环境科技计划项目(0708-144106ZXY030;SZZZ2015-C0007;LD2015GP-SZC055)

摘　　要：城市酸露对植物的生态效应研究极其重要。选择广州市白云山实验大棚作为模拟实验场所,形成模拟露室(dew chamber),以南方常见园林植物马缨丹(Lantana camara)为研究对象。实验过程模拟了0.1、0.2和0.3 mm共3个露水量强度,以及pH 2.5、pH 4.0和pH 6.4共3个酸度梯度。结果显示,随着露水pH的升高,马缨丹根部生物量增加;在露水量强度为0.3 mm时,pH 2.5处理后的马缨丹根部生物量显著低于pH 4.0和pH 6.4处理;pH 2.5处理下,根、茎和叶在不同露水量强度处理下的生物量都呈现相同的规律,即0.3 mm露水量强度处理时生物量最大,其次是0.1 mm露水量强度处理,最小是0.2 mm露水量强度处理;在露水量强度和pH相同条件下,马缨丹各部分的生物量及其分配呈现根<茎<叶的规律,且叶的生物量是根的3倍多;当露水量强度较大时,一定酸度的露水有利于马缨丹叶生物量的增加;在露水量强度相同条件下,酸露对马缨丹茎高生长具有明显抑制作用。当露水量强度较小时,不同酸度处理马缨丹生物量差异达到显著水平。当露水量强度分别为0.1 mm和0.3 mm时,最低pH处理所获得的叶面积与较高pH所获得的叶面积差异显著。当露水量强度较小时,酸露抑制了马缨丹叶面积增长;当露水量强度较大时,一定程度的酸化对叶面积影响较小,只有酸化程度达到较高水平的露水才会导致叶面积显著减小。结果表明,城市酸化露水对植物的生长产生较大的影响,城市露水长时间附着在植物表面对植物的伤害极大,严重污染酸化后的露水也将显著抑制植物的生长。酸化露水对植物的作用效应可能受到露水酸度和露水量强度的双重影响。The research on the ecological effects of urban acid dew on plants is extremely important. In order to carry out this research, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Experimental Greenhouse was selected as a simulation experiment site to form a simulation dew chamber. Lantana camara, a common southern garden plant, was chosen as the research object. The three dew drops of 0.1 mm, 0.2mm and 0.3 mm were simulated, and the pH values of pH 2.5, pH 4.0 and pH 6.4 were calculated. Many experimental results were obtained, including: (1) The biomass of root increased with the increasing pH value; the biomass of root at the condition of pH 2.5 was significantly lower than that of pH 4.0 and pH 6.4; when the pH value is 2.5, the biomass of root in 0.3 mm is lower than that in 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, and the biggest value occurred in 0.2 mm; Similar rules were found in stem and leaf biomass when the Lantana camara was dealt with the pH 2.5; on the condition of the same dew amounts and pH, similar rules in biomass and biomass allocation were found, that was root<stem<leaf, and the biomass of leaf were 3 times more than that of root; when the dew amounts were comparative bigger, a certain degree of acidity dew would be helpful for the biomass increasing. (2) On the condition of the same dew amounts, the stem height of Lantana camara was inhibited; when the dew amounts were small, significant differences were found. (3) When the dew amount is 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, remarkable leaf area differences were found between the lowest and higher pH treatment. When a small dew amount treatment, acid dew suppressed the leaf area increase of Lantana camara. On a condition of a large of dew amount, less affection on leaf area were found when exposed to a certain degree of acidification, only the strongest dew acidification will lead to a significant decrease of leaf area. Results indicated that the acid dew in city had a greater impact on the growth of Lantana camara. Maybe there is a great harm to plants when urban dew long adhered to plant surfaces.Therefore, th

关 键 词：酸露 马缨丹 生物量 茎高 叶面积 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]