我国小学人员经费比例变动及影响因素分析  

An Analysis on the Staff Compensation Proportion of Total Expenditure and its Influence Factors in Primary Schools

作　　者：袁连生[1] 贾晓敏[1] 何婷婷[1] Liansheng Yuan;Xiaomin Jia;Tingting He(Business school /Capital Institute for Economics of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院/首都教育经济研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《教育与经济》2017年第1期29-33,58,共6页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国教育资源配置理论与重大现实问题研究”(项目批准号:71133002)

摘　　要：教育是人力资本密集型事业,教师是最重要的教育生产要素,人员经费在教育经费支出中占支配性地位。20世纪末以来,我国小学人员经费比例经历了一个先上升后下降的过程。与国际水平相比,我国小学人员经费比例远远偏低。各省份小学人员经费比例差异很大,且在2002年后一直扩大。与一般模式不同,我国各省份小学人员经费比例高低没有受到教育发展水平的影响。教育经费的充裕程度、教育质量和财政自主性,是显著影响各省份小学人员经费比例的重要因素。应该将以人为本的理念落实到教育经费的配置上,提高小学的人员经费比例和教师薪酬,在优化支出结构的基础上提高教育经费的使用效率。Education is a human-capital-intensive industry, teacher is the most essential productive factor, and thus staff compensation plays a dominant role in total education expenditure. Since the end of last century, the staff compensation proportion in China’s primary schools has gone through the process of decrease after goes up first. The primary staff compensation proportion is much lower in China than the international level. The staff compensation proportion in primary schools varies in different provinces, with a trend of expanding gap. Different from the general model, the staff compensation proportion in primary schools is not affected by the educational development level. The adequacy of educational funds,educational quality and financial autonomy are the major factors which affect the staff compensation proportion in primary schools in different provinces significantly. The government should penetrate the people-oriented values into the allocation of educational funds, increase the ratio and level of staff compensation, and improve the efficiency of educational funds usage on the bases of optimizing expenditure structure.

关 键 词：小学 人员经费比例 影响因素 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]