城区交通干道绿化带土壤-植物系统汞、砷污染研究  

Study on Mercury and Arsenic Pollution of Soil-Plant System in Urban Main Road Green Belt

作　　者：郭娜[1] 董杰[1] 张菊[1] 鲁长娟 邓焕广[1] 张梦月 王爱静[1] GUO Na;DONG Jie;ZHANG Ju;LU Changjuan;DENG Huanguang;ZHANG Mengyue;WANG Aijing(School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第1期166-170,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41401563;31272383);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014JL028;ZR2013DM012);聊城大学创业创新项目(CXCY2016070;CXCY2016066);聊城大学大学生科技文化创新基金项目(26312161005)

摘　　要：为了解城区交通干道土壤-植物系统中汞(Hg)和砷(As)的污染特征,以聊城市为例,在其城区主要交通干道旁绿化带内采集表层土壤样品并同步采集扁竹兰(Iris confusa)、侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)、冬青(Ilex chinensis)、马尼拉草(Zoysia matrella)和石楠(Photinia serrulata)等5种常见绿化植物测定Hg和As含量。采用单因子指数法、综合指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤Hg和As的污染水平及其潜在生态危害进行了评价,并采用富集系数法分析了绿化带植物对土壤中Hg和As的富集能力。结果表明,聊城市绿化带土壤Hg和As质量分数分别在0.17~6.21 mg·kg^(-1)和1.18~12.22 mg·kg^(-1)之间,20%样品Hg含量超过《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)Ⅲ级标准。以山东省土壤背景值为评价标准,Hg表现为严重污染,其潜在生态危害很高,As表现为轻度污染和轻微的生态危害。绿化带植物中Hg和As质量分数分别在0.03~0.72 mg·kg^(-1)和0.06~1.86 mg·kg^(-1)之间,平均值分别为0.25 mg·kg^(-1)和0.55 mg·kg^(-1);植物体内Hg的富集系数在0.01~2.82之间,平均值表现为:马尼拉草>石楠>扁竹兰>侧柏>冬青;植物体内As的富集系数在0.01~0.65之间,平均值表现为马尼拉草>侧柏>冬青>石楠>扁竹兰。绿化带植物对Hg污染具有一定的修复作用,对As污染不具有修复效果,不同植物中Hg和As的含量以及对Hg和As的生物富集系数均无显著性差异(P>0.05),这可能与植物本身的生理特性、种植时间及绿化带土壤环境条件有关,具体原因有待进一步探讨。In order to understand the mercury(Hg)and arsenic(As)pollution characteristics of soil-plant system in urban maintraffic road,samples of surface soil and five common green plants including Iris confusa,Platycladus orientalis,Ilex chinensis,Zoysia matrella and Photinia serrulata were collected in the green belt of Liaocheng urban main roads to determine theconcentrations of Hg and As.Using the soil background concentrations in Shandong Province as standards,single factor index,comprehensive index and potential ecological risk index methods were applied to assess the degree and risk of Hg and Ascontamination,and bioaccumulation factor(BCF)was calculated to analyze the enrichment capability of green belt plants for Hg andAs in soil.The results showed that the Hg and As mass fraction in green belt soil were0.17~6.21mg·kg-1and1.18~12.22mg·kg-1respectively.Hg mass fraction in20%of the sampling sites were higher than the classⅢlimit value of environmental qualitystandard for soils in China(GB15618-1995).Hg pollution in the green belt soil was very severe and posed very high potentialecological risk,while As pollution was slight and its ecological risk was low.The mass fraction of Hg in the green plants were0.03~0.72mg·kg-1with an average of0.25mg·kg-1,and0.06~1.86mg·kg-1with an average of0.55mg·kg-1for As.The mercurybioaccumulation factors of green plants were between0.01and2.82,and the average values of green plants descended as follows:Zoysia matrella>Photinia serrulata>Iris confusa>Platycladus orientalis>Ilex chinensis.The arsenic bioaccumulation factors werebetween0.01and0.65,and the average values were in the order of Zoysia matrella>Platycladus orientalis>Ilex chinensis>Photiniaserrulata>Iris confusa.Green plants showed bioaccumulation of Hg from soil in some sampling sites but not for As.There were nosignificant differences(P>0.05)in the concentrations of Hg and As between different types of plants,and were neither in theirbioaccumulation factors,which might be related to the plant physiological character

关 键 词：汞 砷 绿化带 污染评价 生物富集 土壤-植物系统 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]